{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T21:24:54Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:01:38+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q7205",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.paleontology",
    "name": "paleontology",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.ACT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q7205/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.paleontology",
    "name": "paleontology",
    "purpose": "Let an agent describe palaeontology as a discipline and its subfields, relay methods, major findings and references with attribution, distinguish it from archaeology and geology, and relay rules on fossil collecting.",
    "definition": "The scientific study of life in the geological past through fossils, covering the evolution, ecology and extinction of organisms from microbes to dinosaurs and early humans, and the use of fossils to date and correlate rocks; palaeontology combines geology and biology and includes subfields such as palaeobotany, micropalaeontology, ichnology and molecular palaeontology.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Understanding the history of life from fossils.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the discipline and subfields",
      "relay methods and major findings",
      "distinguish palaeontology from archaeology",
      "relay fossil collecting rules"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Fossil evidence",
      "Geological and biological methods",
      "Deep time perspective",
      "Museum and field practice"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible; a science practised in the field, laboratories and museums.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Study of fossils and past life",
      "Subfields by organism, method and question",
      "Archaeology studies human artefacts; geology studies rocks as such"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "vertebrate and invertebrate palaeontology",
      "palaeobotany and palynology",
      "micropalaeontology",
      "ichnology and taphonomy",
      "palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography",
      "biostratigraphy",
      "molecular palaeontology"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "field research",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "earth science",
        "why": "and life science"
      },
      {
        "relation": "studies",
        "target": "fossil",
        "why": "the evidence"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "archaeology",
        "why": "the study of human past"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Fossil collecting and export laws",
      "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature for naming",
      "Museum collection standards",
      "Heritage protection of fossil sites"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Illegal fossil trade and loss of context",
      "Confusing palaeontology with archaeology",
      "Fakes and misidentifications"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain fossils, their dating and what they tell about past life.",
        "Distinguish palaeontology from archaeology.",
        "Relay findings with sources and stated uncertainty."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Assist in illegal fossil collecting, export or trade.",
        "Authenticate or value fossils without expert examination.",
        "Present disputed findings as settled.",
        "Encourage removing fossils from protected sites."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Any purchase, sale or export of fossils."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Illegal fossil trade destroys scientific context and national heritage.",
        "Indigenous and local communities may hold rights to fossil sites."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Scientists and museums",
        "Countries and communities of origin",
        "Collectors"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the discipline; museums and governments hold specimens and protect sites.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Museum collection catalogues"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q7205: paleontology",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Paleontology",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleontology",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "field",
        "name": "Field",
        "description": "What palaeontology is.",
        "rationale": "Definition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "scope",
            "name": "Scope",
            "description": "Scope and subfields.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "scope-finding",
                "name": "Scope",
                "description": "Scope.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What does palaeontology study, and what subfields exist?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about palaeontology, archaeology or geology?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "methods",
            "name": "Methods",
            "description": "Methods.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "methods-finding",
                "name": "Methods",
                "description": "Methods.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What field, laboratory and analytical methods do palaeontologists use?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific subfield?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "findings",
        "name": "Findings",
        "description": "Major findings.",
        "rationale": "Content.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History of life",
            "description": "The history of life.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "Historyoflife",
                "description": "History of life.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the major findings about the history of life, with attribution?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific period or group?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "dating",
            "name": "Dating",
            "description": "Biostratigraphy.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "dating-finding",
                "name": "Dating",
                "description": "Dating.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are fossils used to date and correlate rocks?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "practice",
        "name": "Practice",
        "description": "Collecting and collections.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "collecting",
            "name": "Collecting",
            "description": "Collecting rules.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "collecting-finding",
                "name": "Collecting",
                "description": "Collecting.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What rules govern fossil collecting and trade in different countries?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user asking about a specific find, which needs the relevant authority?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "museums",
            "name": "Museums",
            "description": "Collections.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "museums-finding",
                "name": "Museums",
                "description": "Museums.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are fossils curated and studied in museums?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits natural history museums?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "History and teaching.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History of the discipline.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did palaeontology develop as a science?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of geology?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is palaeontology taught, and which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits earth science education?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should subfields be separate entries?",
    "How should fossil databases be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming subfields; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}