{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T01:55:17Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T23:50:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:53:31+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:32+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q753",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.copper",
    "name": "copper",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.MAT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q753/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.copper",
    "name": "copper",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain copper and its properties, uses and production, describe its biological and medical roles, relay safety and environmental information, and describe history and markets.",
    "definition": "A chemical element with atomic number 29, a reddish ductile metal with high electrical and thermal conductivity, occurring natively and in ores, with isotopes including several short-lived ones, used in wiring, plumbing, roofing, coins, alloys such as bronze and brass, and as a trace nutrient and antimicrobial agent, with medical uses such as in intrauterine devices; copper has been worked since prehistory, is mined and recycled globally, and is regulated for environmental and health exposure.",
    "what_it_is_for": "A conductive reddish metal element.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain properties and uses",
      "describe production and recycling",
      "describe biological roles",
      "describe history and markets"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "High conductivity",
      "Ductility",
      "Antimicrobial",
      "Recyclable"
    ],
    "appearance": "Reddish metal that develops a green patina.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Element 29, reddish and conductive",
      "Wiring, plumbing, alloys",
      "Bronze and brass are copper alloys"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "Density",
        "unit": "g/cm3",
        "typical_range": "Approximately 8.96",
        "note": "This value describes pure solid copper near room temperature."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Melting temperature",
        "unit": "degrees Celsius",
        "typical_range": "Approximately 1085",
        "note": "This value describes pure copper at approximately atmospheric pressure."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Electrical resistivity",
        "unit": "ohm m",
        "typical_range": "Approximately 1.7e-8",
        "note": "Resistivity near room temperature depends on purity and increases with temperature."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Thermal conductivity",
        "unit": "W/(m K)",
        "typical_range": "Approximately 400",
        "note": "This approximate value describes pure copper near room temperature."
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "native and refined copper",
      "copper alloys such as bronze and brass",
      "copper compounds",
      "copper isotopes",
      "copper in biology and medicine"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "metal",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "medication",
        "why": "medical uses"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "mining",
        "why": "copper mining"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "metallurgy",
        "why": "copper metallurgy"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Material standards for copper and alloys",
      "Environmental and occupational exposure limits",
      "Drinking water copper limits"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Copper toxicity at high exposure",
      "Environmental impacts of mining",
      "Theft of copper cable"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Report copper's properties, grades and uses with sources.",
        "Identify copper items for recycling where the agent is authorized to handle them."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Assist in stealing copper cable, pipes or roofing from infrastructure or buildings.",
        "Cut or remove copper from live electrical or telecommunications installations.",
        "Recommend copper supplements or remedies without medical evidence.",
        "Advise discharging copper-laden waste into water."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Buying or selling scrap copper of uncertain origin."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Copper theft cuts power, railway signals and phone lines and endangers lives.",
        "Copper mining displaces communities and pollutes water."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Mining communities",
        "Users of infrastructure",
        "Aquatic life"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the element; owners of copper goods and mining rights holders answer for them.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q753: copper",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Copper",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What copper is.",
        "rationale": "Chemistry.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "properties",
            "name": "Properties",
            "description": "Properties and isotopes.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "properties-finding",
                "name": "Properties",
                "description": "Properties.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the physical and chemical properties of copper, and what is known about its isotopes?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific isotope or compound?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "alloys",
            "name": "Alloys",
            "description": "Alloys.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "alloys-finding",
                "name": "Alloys",
                "description": "Alloys.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do bronze, brass and other copper alloys differ, and what are they used for?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific alloy?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "use",
        "name": "Use",
        "description": "Uses and production.",
        "rationale": "Applications.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "uses",
            "name": "Uses",
            "description": "Uses.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "uses-finding",
                "name": "Uses",
                "description": "Uses.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is copper used in wiring, plumbing, roofing, coins, electronics and renewable energy?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific application?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "production",
            "name": "Production",
            "description": "Mining and recycling.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "production-finding",
                "name": "Production",
                "description": "Production.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How and where is copper mined, refined and recycled, and how do markets and prices work?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits copper mining?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "health",
        "name": "Health",
        "description": "Biology and safety.",
        "rationale": "General information.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "biology",
            "name": "Biology",
            "description": "Copper in the body.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "biology-finding",
                "name": "Biology",
                "description": "Biology.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What roles does copper play as a nutrient, what are deficiency and excess, and how is it used medically, according to health sources?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user asking about their own health, which needs a clinician?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "safety",
            "name": "Safety",
            "description": "Exposure and environment.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "safety-finding",
                "name": "Safety",
                "description": "Safety.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What exposure limits and environmental rules apply to copper, and what are its antimicrobial uses?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits environmental regulation?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "History and teaching.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History of copper.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How was copper first worked, and how did the Copper and Bronze Ages develop?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can copper be used to teach conductivity and metallurgy?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should copper alloys be a separate entry?",
    "How should market data be linked?",
    "How should health guidance be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}