{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-10-22T10:42:11Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "researched by Claude against the sources listed below",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 5,
    "engine": "claude",
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-22T10:47:00+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "4 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q76515995",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.quinolizidine-alkaloid",
    "name": "quinolizidine alkaloid",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.5",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.MAT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q76515995/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.quinolizidine-alkaloid",
    "name": "quinolizidine alkaloid",
    "purpose": "Let an agent describe quinolizidine alkaloids, their sources, structures and toxicity in general terms, and point to food safety guidance, without giving medical advice.",
    "definition": "A class of alkaloids containing a quinolizidine ring system, found mainly in legumes of the family Fabaceae, especially lupins (Lupinus) and related genera; examples include lupinine, sparteine, lupanine and cytisine.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Plant defence compounds; relevant to food safety of lupin products and to pharmacology.",
    "affordances": [
      "describe structures and examples",
      "describe occurrence in lupins",
      "explain food safety limits in general terms",
      "point to toxicology sources"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Bitter lupins contain high levels; sweet lupin varieties have low levels.",
      "Cytisine is used as a smoking cessation medicine in some countries.",
      "Debittering is needed before eating bitter lupin seeds."
    ],
    "appearance": "Pure compounds are typically crystalline solids or oils.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Appearance cannot establish identity or concentration; chromatography and mass spectrometry are used"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "lupinine type",
      "sparteine and lupanine types",
      "cytisine type",
      "matrine type"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "alkaloid",
        "why": "chemistry"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is found in",
        "target": "lupin",
        "why": "plant source"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "lupin poisoning",
        "why": "toxicity"
      },
      {
        "relation": "contains",
        "target": "quinolizidine ring",
        "why": "structure"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "ChEBI",
        "value_or_pattern": "CHEBI:26515",
        "note": "quinolizidine alkaloid class"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "ChEBI or PubChem",
        "value_or_pattern": "per compound",
        "note": "individual alkaloids"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Food safety assessments of lupin alkaloids, such as the EFSA opinion (2019)",
      "National limits for alkaloids in lupin foods where set"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Anticholinergic poisoning from improperly debittered lupins",
      "Livestock poisoning"
    ],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "describe chemistry and point to food safety guidance"
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "give dosing advice",
        "advise eating raw bitter lupins"
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "suspected poisoning, which goes to poison centres"
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "food safety"
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "consumers",
        "farmers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "nobody; a compound class",
      "master_systems": [
        "ChEBI",
        "PubChem"
      ]
    },
    "facets_not_applicable": {
      "properties": "A compound class: properties belong to each compound."
    },
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "SRC-001",
      "title": "Q76515995",
      "publisher": "Wikidata",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76515995",
      "what_it_supports": "identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-002",
      "title": "Quinolizidine alkaloids",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "url": "",
      "what_it_supports": "class description",
      "url_status": "dead"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-003",
      "title": "Quinolizidine alkaloid - CHEBI:26515",
      "publisher": "EMBL-EBI",
      "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/CHEBI:26515",
      "what_it_supports": "Chemical class identity and class-level identifier.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-004",
      "title": "Scientific opinion on quinolizidine alkaloids in feed and food, particularly lupins and lupin-derived products",
      "publisher": "European Food Safety Authority",
      "url": "https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/5860",
      "what_it_supports": "2019 assessment, structures, occurrence, analytical methods, bitter and sweet lupins, human and animal toxicity.",
      "url_status": "blocked"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-005",
      "title": "Alkaloids and allergies: current data on health risks from lupin seeds in food",
      "publisher": "German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment",
      "url": "https://www.bfr.bund.de/en/opinions/alkaloids-and-allergies-current-data-on-health-risks-from-lupin-seeds-in-food/",
      "what_it_supports": "Variable alkaloid profiles and concentrations, analytical limitations and food-safety context.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-006",
      "title": "Cytisinicline (cytisine)",
      "publisher": "All Wales Therapeutics and Toxicology Centre",
      "url": "https://awttc.nhs.wales/accessing-medicines/medicine-recommendations/cytisinicline-cytisine/",
      "what_it_supports": "Cytisine's medicinal use for smoking cessation and its alternative name cytisinicline.",
      "url_status": "live"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "compound",
        "name": "Compound",
        "description": "Which alkaloid.",
        "rationale": "Identity first.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "identity",
            "name": "Identity",
            "description": "Name and identifiers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "compound",
                "name": "Compound",
                "description": "Name and IDs.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which compound?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are its identifiers?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "structure",
            "name": "Structure",
            "description": "Skeleton type.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "structure",
                "name": "Structure",
                "description": "Type.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which structural type?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How many rings?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "occurrence",
        "name": "Occurrence",
        "description": "Sources.",
        "rationale": "Content varies.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "plants",
            "name": "Plants",
            "description": "Species.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "plant-source",
                "name": "Plant source",
                "description": "Species and part.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which plants contain it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "At what levels?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "foods",
            "name": "Foods",
            "description": "Lupin products.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "food-content",
                "name": "Food content",
                "description": "Measured alkaloids, method, units, fresh weight or dry matter, and the survey or source.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What levels occur in foods?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "From which survey?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "toxicology",
        "name": "Toxicology",
        "description": "Effects.",
        "rationale": "Toxicity needs sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "effects",
            "name": "Effects",
            "description": "Mechanism.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "toxic-effect",
                "name": "Toxic effect",
                "description": "Effect and source.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What effects are reported?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "At what exposure?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "guidance",
            "name": "Guidance",
            "description": "Limits.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "guidance-value",
                "name": "Guidance value",
                "description": "Value and body.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which guidance values exist?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "From which assessment?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "uses",
        "name": "Uses",
        "description": "Pharmacology.",
        "rationale": "Some have medical uses.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "medicines",
            "name": "Medicines",
            "description": "Approved uses.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "medicine",
                "name": "Medicine",
                "description": "Compound and approval.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which compounds are medicines?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Where approved?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "agriculture",
            "name": "Agriculture",
            "description": "Breeding.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "breeding",
                "name": "Breeding",
                "description": "Varieties.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are low-alkaloid varieties bred?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which varieties?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "The registry merges individual compounds named by systematic names; they should be separate entries."
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}