{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-10-22T11:28:53Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "researched by Claude against the sources listed below",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 5,
    "engine": "claude",
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-22T11:39:44+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "7 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q7935",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.avalanche",
    "name": "avalanche",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.5",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.ACT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q7935/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.avalanche",
    "name": "avalanche",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain avalanches, their types, danger scales and safety resources, and direct people to official avalanche forecasts.",
    "definition": "A rapid flow of snow down a steep slope, triggered naturally or by people, ranging from small sluffs to large avalanches that can destroy forests and buildings; described by release type (loose snow or slab), snow wetness and flow regime (dense flow or powder cloud) and by size; regional avalanche danger is forecast on a five-level scale in Europe and North America.",
    "what_it_is_for": null,
    "affordances": [
      "explain types and triggers",
      "explain the avalanche danger scale",
      "point to official forecast services",
      "explain safety equipment and training in general terms"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Slab avalanches release a cohesive layer over a weak layer and cause most fatalities.",
      "Most victims trigger the avalanche themselves.",
      "Survival of critical burials falls steeply between about 10 and 30 minutes (Swiss study, 2024), depending on circumstances."
    ],
    "appearance": "Snow sliding or flowing down a slope, from a small sluff to a large cloud of powder.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Fracture lines (crowns) on slopes and debris piles at the base"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "typical slope angle for slab avalanches",
        "typical_range": "about 30 to 45",
        "unit": "degrees",
        "note": "most start on slopes in this range"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "by release: loose snow or slab",
      "by wetness: dry or wet",
      "by flow: dense flow or powder cloud",
      "glide avalanche",
      "roof avalanche (snow slide from roofs)"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "mass wasting",
        "why": "natural hazard"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "snowpack",
        "why": "cause"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "regional avalanche forecast",
        "why": "danger level for a region and time"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "avalanche transceiver",
        "why": "safety equipment"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "European Avalanche Danger Scale (EAWS)",
      "North American Public Avalanche Danger Scale",
      "ETSI EN 300 718 avalanche beacons"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Burial and asphyxia",
      "Trauma",
      "Destruction of buildings and roads"
    ],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "explain avalanches and point to official forecasts"
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "declare a slope safe",
        "replace official forecasts"
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "route decisions by trained people using official forecasts",
        "emergencies to rescue services"
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "safety"
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "mountain users",
        "residents"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "nobody; a natural phenomenon; warning services issue forecasts",
      "master_systems": [
        "regional avalanche warning services"
      ]
    },
    "facets_not_applicable": {},
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "SRC-001",
      "title": "Q7935",
      "publisher": "Wikidata",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7935",
      "what_it_supports": "identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-002",
      "title": "Avalanche",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the subject",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-003",
      "title": "Glossary",
      "publisher": "European Avalanche Warning Services",
      "url": "https://www.avalanches.org/glossary/",
      "what_it_supports": "Avalanche terminology, release types, snow conditions, terrain and regional danger-scale meaning.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-004",
      "title": "Dossier expert sur les avalanches",
      "publisher": "Georisques, French government",
      "url": "https://www.georisques.gouv.fr/consulter-les-dossiers-thematiques/avalanches",
      "what_it_supports": "Dense, powder and mixed flows; entrainment, movement and destructive consequences.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-005",
      "title": "Avalanche Survival Rates in Switzerland, 1981-2020",
      "publisher": "JAMA Network Open",
      "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2824053",
      "what_it_supports": "Critical-burial definition and updated survival-time evidence.",
      "url_status": "blocked"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-006",
      "title": "North American public avalanche danger scale",
      "publisher": "Parks Canada",
      "url": "https://parks.canada.ca/pn-np/mtn/securiteenmontagne-mountainsafety/avalanche/echellerisque-dangerscale",
      "what_it_supports": "Five danger levels based on avalanche likelihood, size and distribution.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-007",
      "title": "EN 300 718-1 work item",
      "publisher": "ETSI",
      "url": "https://portal.etsi.org/webapp/WorkProgram/Report_WorkItem.asp?WKI_ID=57408",
      "what_it_supports": "Standard issuer, identifier and scope for 457 kHz avalanche beacons.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-008",
      "title": "Avalanche science and prevention",
      "publisher": "WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF",
      "url": "https://www.slf.ch/en/avalanches/avalanche-science-and-prevention/",
      "what_it_supports": "Avalanche mechanisms, slab hazards, prevention context and official information resources.",
      "url_status": "live"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "event",
        "name": "Event",
        "description": "Which avalanche.",
        "rationale": "Type first.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "type",
            "name": "Type",
            "description": "Kind.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "type",
                "name": "Type",
                "description": "Release type, snow wetness and flow regime, recorded separately.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Slab, loose, wet or powder?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which observation?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "size",
            "name": "Size",
            "description": "Destructive size.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "size",
                "name": "Size",
                "description": "Class.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What size class?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which scale?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "conditions",
        "name": "Conditions",
        "description": "Snowpack.",
        "rationale": "Snowpack explains release.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "snowpack",
            "name": "Snowpack",
            "description": "Layers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "snowpack",
                "name": "Snowpack",
                "description": "Weak layers.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which weak layers?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which test?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "terrain",
            "name": "Terrain",
            "description": "Slope.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "terrain",
                "name": "Terrain",
                "description": "Angle and aspect.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What slope angle and aspect?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which map?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "forecast",
        "name": "Forecast",
        "description": "Danger level.",
        "rationale": "Official forecasts guide decisions.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "danger-level",
            "name": "Danger level",
            "description": "Scale.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "danger-level",
                "name": "Danger level",
                "description": "Level and region.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the danger level?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which warning service?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "problems",
            "name": "Problems",
            "description": "Avalanche problems.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "avalanche-problem",
                "name": "Avalanche problem",
                "description": "Type.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which avalanche problems?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per the bulletin?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "safety",
        "name": "Safety",
        "description": "Rescue.",
        "rationale": "Speed saves lives.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "equipment",
            "name": "Equipment",
            "description": "Gear.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "equipment",
                "name": "Equipment",
                "description": "Items.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which equipment is recommended?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "rescue",
            "name": "Rescue",
            "description": "Response.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "rescue",
                "name": "Rescue",
                "description": "Contact.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How to call rescue?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which number?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}