{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T07:07:43Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:09:14+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q81809",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.atmospheric-pressure",
    "name": "atmospheric pressure",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.STA"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q81809/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.atmospheric-pressure",
    "name": "atmospheric pressure",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain atmospheric pressure and its measurement, relay physics, variation and weather significance from meteorological references, describe aviation settings and oscillation patterns, and distinguish atmospheric pressure from other pressures and from altitude.",
    "definition": "The pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere at a given point, about 101325 pascals at sea level and decreasing with altitude, measured with barometers and reported in hectopascals, millibars or inches of mercury, used in aviation as QFE for pressure at an aerodrome and QNH for sea-level reduced pressure, and studied in meteorology through patterns such as the Southern Oscillation, the seesaw of pressure across the Pacific linked to El Nino.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a physical quantity.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the quantity",
      "relay measurement and variation",
      "describe weather and aviation use",
      "distinguish related concepts"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Weight of air column",
      "Altitude dependence",
      "Weather driver",
      "Aviation settings"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not a visible object; read from a barometer.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Pressure of the atmosphere",
      "Sea-level standard 1013.25 hPa, QFE, QNH, Southern Oscillation",
      "Gauge pressure is relative; ambient pressure includes other fluids; altitude is height"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "standard sea-level pressure",
        "typical_range": "101325",
        "unit": "Pa",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "decrease with altitude",
        "typical_range": "about 12",
        "unit": "hPa per 100 m",
        "note": "near sea level"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "highest recorded",
        "typical_range": "1084.8",
        "unit": "hPa",
        "note": "Tosontsengel 2001"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "lowest recorded",
        "typical_range": "870",
        "unit": "hPa",
        "note": "Typhoon Tip 1979"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "station and sea-level pressure",
      "QFE and QNH aviation settings",
      "high and low pressure systems",
      "pressure oscillations such as the Southern Oscillation",
      "partial pressures within the atmosphere"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "physical quantity",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "ambient pressure",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "meteorological concept",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is measured by",
        "target": "barometer",
        "why": "in hectopascals"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "WMO observation standards",
      "ICAO standard atmosphere and altimeter setting procedures",
      "SI units"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Altimeter setting errors in aviation",
      "Confusing station and sea-level pressure",
      "Unit confusion between hPa, mbar and inHg"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Report atmospheric pressure readings with units, time and station.",
        "Explain the difference between station pressure, QFE and QNH."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Give a pilot an altimeter setting that does not come from an authorised aviation source.",
        "Mix hectopascals and inches of mercury without stating the unit.",
        "Present a sea-level reduced pressure as the pressure at the station.",
        "Alter or fabricate pressure records in a weather observation."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Issuing altimeter settings or pressure data used for flight operations."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Wrong altimeter settings have led aircraft into terrain.",
        "Pressure trends warn of storms; errors can delay warnings."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Pilots and passengers",
        "Forecasters",
        "People exposed to storms"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "National meteorological services and air navigation providers issue official readings.",
      "master_systems": [
        "National weather observation archives"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q81809: atmospheric pressure",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81809",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Atmospheric pressure",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What atmospheric pressure is.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is atmospheric pressure, and how does it differ from gauge pressure and altitude?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about physics, weather, aviation or climate?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "variation",
            "name": "Variation",
            "description": "Variation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "variation-finding",
                "name": "Variation",
                "description": "Variation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does pressure vary with altitude, temperature and weather systems?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the barometric formula?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "measure",
        "name": "Measure",
        "description": "Measurement.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "instruments",
            "name": "Instruments",
            "description": "Barometers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "instruments-finding",
                "name": "Instruments",
                "description": "Instruments.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do mercury, aneroid and digital barometers measure pressure?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "aviation",
            "name": "Aviation",
            "description": "Aviation settings.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "aviation-finding",
                "name": "Aviation",
                "description": "Aviation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are QFE, QNH and standard pressure settings, and how are they used in altimetry?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "weather",
        "name": "Weather",
        "description": "Weather and climate.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "systems",
            "name": "Systems",
            "description": "Pressure systems.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "systems-finding",
                "name": "Systems",
                "description": "Systems.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do high and low pressure systems shape weather?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits weather forecasting?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "oscillation",
            "name": "Oscillation",
            "description": "Southern Oscillation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "oscillation-finding",
                "name": "Oscillation",
                "description": "Oscillation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the Southern Oscillation, and how is it linked to El Nino and La Nina?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits El Nino-Southern Oscillation?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Effects and history.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "effects",
            "name": "Effects",
            "description": "Effects.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "effects-finding",
                "name": "Effects",
                "description": "Effects.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does pressure affect boiling points, human physiology at altitude and engineering, in general terms?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits altitude sickness?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did Torricelli, Pascal and others discover and measure atmospheric pressure?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of meteorology?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should QFE, QNH and the Southern Oscillation be separate primary entries?",
    "How should meteorological references be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming an aviation setting and a climate pattern; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}