{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T02:04:24Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:07:10+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q8269924",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.taxonomy",
    "name": "taxonomy",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.KNW"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q8269924/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.taxonomy",
    "name": "taxonomy",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain taxonomy as biological classification, relay principles, codes, ranks and approaches with attribution, describe group-specific taxonomies and databases, and distinguish biological taxonomy from classification schemes in other fields.",
    "definition": "The science and practice of classifying organisms into groups based on shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships, naming them under codes of nomenclature and arranging them in hierarchies of species, genera, families and higher ranks, with approaches from Linnaean and evolutionary taxonomy to cladistics and phylogenetic systematics, and schemes such as the two-domain system and group-specific taxonomies of diatoms or grasses; the word is also used for classification schemes in other fields, from tank classification to educational and information taxonomies.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Classifying and naming organisms.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain principles and ranks",
      "relay codes and approaches",
      "describe databases",
      "distinguish other uses of the word"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Hierarchical ranks",
      "Nomenclature codes",
      "Evolutionary basis",
      "Ongoing revision"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not a visible object; hierarchical trees and named groups.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Classification and naming of organisms",
      "Linnaean ranks, cladistics, codes of nomenclature, domain systems",
      "Systematics includes phylogeny; identification keys apply taxonomy; taxonomies in other fields are analogies"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "described species",
        "typical_range": "about 2 million",
        "unit": "count",
        "note": "estimates"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "main ranks",
        "typical_range": "8",
        "unit": "count",
        "note": "domain to species"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "Linnaean taxonomy",
      "evolutionary taxonomy",
      "cladistics and phylogenetic nomenclature",
      "domain systems: two-domain and three-domain",
      "group-specific taxonomies such as of diatoms and Poaceae",
      "taxonomies in other fields such as educational objectives and tank classification, as analogies"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "typology",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is part of",
        "target": "systematics",
        "why": "the broader science"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is governed by",
        "target": "nomenclature code",
        "why": "such as the ICN and ICZN"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is recorded in",
        "target": "taxonomic database",
        "why": "such as the Catalogue of Life"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "ICZN",
        "value_or_pattern": "zoological code",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "scheme": "ICN",
        "value_or_pattern": "botanical code",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "scheme": "ICNP",
        "value_or_pattern": "prokaryotic code",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "International codes of nomenclature",
      "Type specimen and publication requirements",
      "Database standards such as Darwin Core"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Unstable names and synonyms",
      "Confusing taxonomy with other classification schemes",
      "Presenting contested classifications as settled"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Classify organisms under the relevant code of nomenclature and cite the authority.",
        "Report accepted names, synonyms and changes with dates and sources."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Publish new names or combinations as valid without meeting the code's requirements.",
        "Present a disputed classification as settled.",
        "Use taxonomy to rank human groups as biologically separate."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Describing a new species or making a formal taxonomic act."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Names decide which species get legal protection; errors can strip it.",
        "Classification has been misused to justify racism."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Conservation bodies",
        "Researchers",
        "Species at risk"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns it; nomenclature commissions and the scientific community maintain the codes.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Taxonomic name databases",
        "Codes of zoological, botanical and bacterial nomenclature"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q8269924: taxonomy",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Taxonomy (biology)",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_%28biology%29",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What taxonomy is.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition and ranks.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is biological taxonomy, and what are its ranks and principles?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about biological taxonomy or a classification scheme in another field?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "approaches",
            "name": "Approaches",
            "description": "Approaches.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "approaches-finding",
                "name": "Approaches",
                "description": "Approaches.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do Linnaean, evolutionary and cladistic approaches differ, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific approach?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "practice",
        "name": "Practice",
        "description": "Naming and codes.",
        "rationale": "Regulation.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "codes",
            "name": "Codes",
            "description": "Nomenclature codes.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "codes-finding",
                "name": "Codes",
                "description": "Codes.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do the zoological, botanical and prokaryotic codes govern names, types and priority?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "describing",
            "name": "Describing",
            "description": "Describing species.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "describing-finding",
                "name": "Describing",
                "description": "Describing.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are new species described and published?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits species description?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "groups",
        "name": "Groups",
        "description": "Domains and groups.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "domains",
            "name": "Domains",
            "description": "Domain systems.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "domains-finding",
                "name": "Domains",
                "description": "Domains.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the two-domain and three-domain systems, and what is the debate, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation attributed?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "specific",
            "name": "Specific",
            "description": "Group taxonomies.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "specific-finding",
                "name": "Specific",
                "description": "Specific.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are groups such as diatoms and grasses classified, and where are their taxonomies maintained?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Databases and history.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "databases",
            "name": "Databases",
            "description": "Databases.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "databases-finding",
                "name": "Databases",
                "description": "Databases.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What taxonomic databases exist, and how do they handle synonyms and changes?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the Catalogue of Life?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did taxonomy develop from Aristotle and Linnaeus to molecular phylogenetics?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of taxonomy?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should each code and approach be a separate entry?",
    "How should taxonomic databases be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming group taxonomies and non-biological schemes; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}