{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T06:51:08Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T15:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:18:08+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q8366",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.algorithm",
    "name": "algorithm",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.MED"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q8366/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.algorithm",
    "name": "algorithm",
    "purpose": "Let an agent handle algorithms by problem, steps, correctness, complexity and responsible use.",
    "definition": "A finite, well-defined sequence of instructions for solving a problem or performing a computation, such as sorting, searching, parsing or encryption.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Solving problems systematically, especially in computing.",
    "affordances": [
      "design and describe it",
      "prove it correct",
      "analyse its complexity",
      "implement and test it"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Finite and well-defined",
      "Correctness and complexity can be analysed",
      "Independent of programming language",
      "Automated decision systems raise fairness issues"
    ],
    "appearance": "Pseudocode, flowcharts or code.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Input, steps and output",
      "Named families such as parsers or sorts",
      "Programs implement algorithms"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "sorting and searching",
      "graph algorithms",
      "parsing algorithms",
      "cryptographic algorithms",
      "machine learning algorithms"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "procedure",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is implemented by",
        "target": "computer program",
        "why": "code"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is studied by",
        "target": "computer science",
        "why": "field"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is used in",
        "target": "automated decision systems",
        "why": "applications"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "EU AI Act for high-risk automated systems",
      "GDPR Article 22 on automated decisions",
      "Cryptographic standards such as FIPS"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Incorrect edge cases",
      "Poor complexity on large inputs",
      "Biased outcomes in decisions about people"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Describe, implement and test an algorithm the agent is authorized to work on.",
        "Explain an algorithm's steps, limits and complexity in plain terms."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present an algorithm as correct, fair or secure without evidence or testing.",
        "Use an algorithm to make decisions about people while hiding that it does so.",
        "Copy a proprietary or patented algorithm's implementation in breach of its licence.",
        "Apply an algorithm to people's data for a purpose they did not consent to."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Deploying an algorithm that decides on people's access to credit, jobs, benefits or liberty.",
        "Replacing a human decision with an automated one in a regulated process."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Algorithms can encode and scale bias, affecting many people at once.",
        "People affected by automated decisions deserve an explanation and a route to appeal."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "People subject to automated decisions",
        "Users of the systems",
        "Authors and maintainers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the idea of an algorithm; the operator of a system answers for each algorithm it runs.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q8366: algorithm",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Algorithm",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "problem",
        "name": "Problem",
        "description": "What it solves.",
        "rationale": "The problem defines the algorithm.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "task",
            "name": "Task",
            "description": "Input and output.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "task-finding",
                "name": "Task",
                "description": "Problem specification.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What problem does the algorithm solve, with what input and output?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What assumptions does it make?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "family",
            "name": "Family",
            "description": "Kind.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "family-finding",
                "name": "Family",
                "description": "Algorithm family.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which family does it belong to?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is there a known better alternative?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "analysis",
        "name": "Analysis",
        "description": "Correctness and cost.",
        "rationale": "Analysis proves quality.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "correctness",
            "name": "Correctness",
            "description": "Proof.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "correctness-finding",
                "name": "Correctness",
                "description": "Correctness.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is it shown to be correct?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What edge cases matter?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "complexity",
            "name": "Complexity",
            "description": "Time and space.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "complexity-finding",
                "name": "Complexity",
                "description": "Complexity.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are its time and space complexity?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How does it behave in practice?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "implementation",
        "name": "Implementation",
        "description": "Code.",
        "rationale": "Implementation can differ from design.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "code",
            "name": "Code",
            "description": "Program.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "code-finding",
                "name": "Code",
                "description": "Implementation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where is a reference implementation?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How is it tested?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "performance",
            "name": "Performance",
            "description": "Benchmarks.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "performance-finding",
                "name": "Performance",
                "description": "Benchmarks.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does it perform on real data?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "On which benchmark?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "impact",
        "name": "Impact",
        "description": "Use on people.",
        "rationale": "Algorithms can affect people.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "decisions",
            "name": "Decisions",
            "description": "Automated decisions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "decisions-finding",
                "name": "Decisions",
                "description": "Automated decisions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Does it make or support decisions about people?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is there human review?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "fairness",
            "name": "Fairness",
            "description": "Bias.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "fairness-finding",
                "name": "Fairness",
                "description": "Fairness.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Has it been tested for bias?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How can affected people contest outcomes?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should named algorithms be separate entries?",
    "How should complexity be recorded?",
    "How should algorithmic accountability be represented?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}