{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T19:45:32Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T19:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:46:00+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q8963066",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.syntactic-function",
    "name": "syntactic function",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.REL"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q8963066/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.syntactic-function",
    "name": "syntactic function",
    "purpose": "Let an agent analyse the syntactic function of elements in sentences, explain the difference between function and category, and support grammar teaching and linguistic annotation.",
    "definition": "The grammatical role a word or phrase plays within a larger structure, such as subject, object, predicate, complement, modifier, attributive or determinative, as distinct from its word class; syntactic functions are defined by grammatical theories and vary in labelling across frameworks and languages.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Sentence analysis and grammar.",
    "affordances": [
      "identify the syntactic function of a phrase",
      "distinguish function from word class",
      "explain attributive and determinative functions",
      "support annotation and teaching"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Role in structure",
      "Distinct from category",
      "Framework-dependent labels",
      "Language-specific realisation"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; labels in grammatical analysis.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Subject, object, modifier and similar labels",
      "Determined by position and relations",
      "Noun, verb and adjective are categories, not functions"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "subject and object functions",
      "predicate and complement functions",
      "modifier and attributive functions",
      "determinative function",
      "adverbial functions"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "grammatical relation",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "modification",
        "why": "a function"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "coreference",
        "why": "other grammatical relation"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is studied by",
        "target": "syntax",
        "why": "field"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Annotation standards such as Universal Dependencies"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Confusing function with category",
      "Mixing frameworks",
      "Language-specific errors"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Identify subjects, objects, predicates and modifiers in sentences, naming the grammar framework used.",
        "Explain the difference between syntactic function and word class."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present one grammatical tradition's analysis as the only correct one.",
        "Mark a learner's dialect or language variety as wrong when it follows its own grammar.",
        "Use parsing to alter the meaning of a quoted sentence."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Grading or assessing a student's language based on an automated analysis."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Grammar judgements have been used to stigmatise speakers of minority varieties.",
        "Learners trust explanations to be accurate."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Language learners",
        "Speakers of non-standard varieties",
        "Teachers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the concept; it is held in common by linguistics.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q8963066: syntactic function",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8963066",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "analyse",
        "name": "Analyse",
        "description": "Finding functions.",
        "rationale": "Structure decides.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "identify",
            "name": "Identify",
            "description": "Function of a phrase.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "identify-finding",
                "name": "Identify",
                "description": "Identification.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What syntactic function does this word or phrase have in the sentence?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which tests support the analysis?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "category",
            "name": "Category",
            "description": "Function versus category.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "category-finding",
                "name": "Category",
                "description": "Function versus category.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about the word class or the function of the element?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How can one category fill several functions?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "functions",
        "name": "Functions",
        "description": "Kinds of function.",
        "rationale": "Core and peripheral.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "core",
            "name": "Core",
            "description": "Subject and object.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "core-finding",
                "name": "Core",
                "description": "Core functions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are subject and object identified in this language?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How do case, agreement and order mark them?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "modifying",
            "name": "Modifying",
            "description": "Attributive and determinative.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "modifying-finding",
                "name": "Modifying",
                "description": "Modifying functions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the attributive and determinative functions, and how do they differ?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which elements fill them?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "frameworks",
        "name": "Frameworks",
        "description": "Theories.",
        "rationale": "Labels differ.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "theories",
            "name": "Theories",
            "description": "Grammatical frameworks.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "theories-finding",
                "name": "Theories",
                "description": "Frameworks.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do different grammatical frameworks label this function?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which framework does the source use?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "annotation",
            "name": "Annotation",
            "description": "Treebanks.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "annotation-finding",
                "name": "Annotation",
                "description": "Annotation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is this function annotated in Universal Dependencies or another scheme?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which relation label applies?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "teach",
        "name": "Teach",
        "description": "Learning grammar.",
        "rationale": "Functions aid writing.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "learn",
            "name": "Learn",
            "description": "Teaching functions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "learn-finding",
                "name": "Learn",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can syntactic functions be taught with sentence diagrams and tests?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "writing",
            "name": "Writing",
            "description": "Applying to writing.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "writing-finding",
                "name": "Writing",
                "description": "Writing.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does understanding functions help fix this sentence?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which errors involve misplaced functions?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should each function be a separate entry?",
    "How should grammars be linked?",
    "How should annotation schemes be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}