{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T05:35:33Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:21:32+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q9081",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.knowledge",
    "name": "knowledge",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.KNW"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9081/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.knowledge",
    "name": "knowledge",
    "purpose": "Let an agent distinguish knowledge from belief, opinion and information, state the justification behind claims, and represent uncertainty honestly.",
    "definition": "Awareness or understanding of facts, skills or objects, often characterised in philosophy as justified true belief, and in practice as information that people or systems can use reliably.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Guiding action, teaching and decision-making.",
    "affordances": [
      "acquire and share it",
      "justify and test it",
      "record and organise it",
      "lose or forget it"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Requires truth and justification, unlike mere belief",
      "Propositional, procedural and acquaintance knowledge",
      "A priori and a posteriori knowledge",
      "Tacit knowledge is hard to express"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible; expressed in statements, skills, texts and systems.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Claims with sources and justification",
      "Skills shown in performance",
      "Knowledge bases and documentation"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "propositional knowledge (knowing that)",
      "procedural knowledge (knowing how)",
      "tacit and explicit knowledge",
      "a priori and empirical knowledge",
      "local and traditional knowledge"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "belief",
        "why": "without justification"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is studied by",
        "target": "epistemology",
        "why": "philosophy"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is recorded in",
        "target": "document and database",
        "why": "records"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is acquired through",
        "target": "education",
        "why": "learning"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Intellectual property and trade secret law",
      "Protections for traditional knowledge (Nagoya Protocol)"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Presenting belief or guesswork as knowledge",
      "Overconfidence",
      "Loss of undocumented knowledge"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Share knowledge with its sources and the confidence it holds it with.",
        "Say plainly when it does not know or when knowledge is contested."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present guesses or generated text as established knowledge.",
        "Claim others' knowledge or work as its own or as original.",
        "Withhold safety-critical knowledge from those who need it.",
        "Share knowledge that is confidential or that enables serious harm."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Publishing knowledge whose release could put people at risk."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Who holds and controls knowledge shapes power; access should be fair.",
        "Traditional and indigenous knowledge belongs to its communities."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Learners",
        "Knowledge holders and authors",
        "Communities with traditional knowledge"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns knowledge as such; authors and communities hold rights in particular works.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q9081: knowledge",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9081",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Knowledge",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "claim",
        "name": "Claim",
        "description": "What is known.",
        "rationale": "Knowledge claims need content and scope.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "content",
            "name": "Content",
            "description": "The claim.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "content-finding",
                "name": "Content",
                "description": "What is claimed to be known.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What exactly is claimed to be known?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "In what scope does it hold?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "kind",
            "name": "Kind",
            "description": "That, how, acquaintance.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "kind-finding",
                "name": "Kind",
                "description": "Kind of knowledge.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is this knowing that, knowing how, or familiarity?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Can it be written down?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "justification",
        "name": "Justification",
        "description": "Why it is believed.",
        "rationale": "Justification separates knowledge from belief.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "evidence",
            "name": "Evidence",
            "description": "Sources and reasons.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "evidence-finding",
                "name": "Evidence",
                "description": "Evidence and sources.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What evidence supports it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How strong is it?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "uncertainty",
            "name": "Uncertainty",
            "description": "Confidence.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "uncertainty-finding",
                "name": "Uncertainty",
                "description": "How certain it is.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How certain is it, and what could overturn it?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should the uncertainty be stated?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "sharing",
        "name": "Sharing",
        "description": "Transfer and records.",
        "rationale": "Knowledge must be recorded and shared to last.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "record",
            "name": "Record",
            "description": "Documentation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "record-finding",
                "name": "Record",
                "description": "Where it is recorded.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where is this knowledge recorded?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is it up to date?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "access",
            "name": "Access",
            "description": "Who can use it.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "access-finding",
                "name": "Access",
                "description": "Access conditions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who can access it, and under what terms?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is any of it confidential or protected?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "ownership",
        "name": "Ownership",
        "description": "Rights and respect.",
        "rationale": "Some knowledge is owned or culturally protected.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "ip",
            "name": "Intellectual property",
            "description": "Patents and secrets.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "ip-finding",
                "name": "IP",
                "description": "IP status.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is this knowledge protected by patent or trade secret?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Who owns it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "traditional",
            "name": "Traditional knowledge",
            "description": "Community rights.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "traditional-finding",
                "name": "Traditional knowledge",
                "description": "Community rights.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is it traditional knowledge of a community?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Has consent been given for its use?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should kinds of knowledge be separate entries?",
    "How should agents mark the justification behind claims?",
    "How should traditional knowledge be respected?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}