{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T23:04:34Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T23:50:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:45:45+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "revisions": [
      {
        "at": "2026-10-07T11:41:50+00:00",
        "engine": "codex",
        "fields": [
          "definition"
        ],
        "answering_review": "f6a1301d77ea228ad046ea48379a1bfb9150bcc9a528956e33cd879030bd5734"
      }
    ],
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T12:16:35+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q9121",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.atom",
    "name": "atom",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.MAT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9121/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.atom",
    "name": "atom",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain atomic structure and models, describe how atoms determine chemistry, explain exotic atoms and atomic-scale measurement, and support learning across levels.",
    "definition": "The basic unit of a chemical element, consisting of a nucleus containing protons and, except in hydrogen-1, neutrons, surrounded by electrons, with the number of protons defining the element and the electron configuration determining chemical behaviour; exotic variants include muonic atoms in which a muon replaces an electron, but protonium is not an atom of a chemical element; atoms combine into molecules and are described by quantum mechanics.",
    "what_it_is_for": "The units of chemical elements.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain atomic structure",
      "relate atoms to chemistry",
      "describe exotic atoms",
      "support learning"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Nucleus and electrons",
      "Element identity",
      "Quantum behaviour",
      "Building block of matter"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible directly; imaged indirectly by microscopy.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Nucleus plus electrons",
      "Defined by proton number",
      "Molecules are bonded groups of atoms"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "Atomic mass",
        "unit": "u",
        "typical_range": "",
        "note": "Mass is determined through mass spectrometry or constituent particle measurements and depends on the isotope or exotic particle composition."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Atomic radius",
        "unit": "pm",
        "typical_range": "",
        "note": "Radius is inferred from scattering or interatomic distances and must specify the radius convention because an atom has no sharp boundary."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Ionization energy",
        "unit": "eV",
        "typical_range": "",
        "note": "The energy needed to remove a bound electron is determined spectroscopically for a specified electronic state and applies to atoms containing electrons."
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "atoms of each element",
      "isotopes",
      "ions",
      "exotic atoms such as muonic atoms and protonium",
      "atoms in molecules such as central atoms and heteroatoms"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "composite particle",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "chemical entity",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "chemical element",
        "why": "defined by atoms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "quantum mechanics",
        "why": "describes atoms"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "IUPAC conventions on atomic weights and notation",
      "No regulation of atoms as concepts"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Outdated planetary models taught as fact",
      "Confusing atoms, molecules and ions",
      "Misuse of atomic terminology in pseudoscience"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain atomic structure with current quantum models and their limits.",
        "Distinguish atoms, molecules and ions clearly."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Teach the planetary model as the true picture without noting its limits.",
        "Use atomic terminology to lend authority to pseudoscientific claims.",
        "Assist in nuclear weapons work while discussing atoms.",
        "State element properties without a reliable source."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Publishing teaching material used in formal education."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Accurate science education shapes public trust and decisions.",
        "Atomic science has been used both to heal and to destroy."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Students",
        "The public",
        "People misled by pseudoscience"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody: a scientific concept held in common.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q9121: atom",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9121",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Atom",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "structure",
        "name": "Structure",
        "description": "What an atom is.",
        "rationale": "Physics.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "parts",
            "name": "Parts",
            "description": "Nucleus and electrons.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "parts-finding",
                "name": "Parts",
                "description": "Parts.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the parts of an atom, and how do protons, neutrons and electrons determine element, isotope and charge?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How large and heavy are atoms?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "models",
            "name": "Models",
            "description": "Atomic models.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "models-finding",
                "name": "Models",
                "description": "Models.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did atomic models develop from Dalton and Rutherford to Bohr and the quantum model, and which is current?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are orbitals?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "chemistry",
        "name": "Chemistry",
        "description": "Atoms and chemistry.",
        "rationale": "Behaviour.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "bonding",
            "name": "Bonding",
            "description": "Bonding and periodicity.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "bonding-finding",
                "name": "Bonding",
                "description": "Bonding.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does electron configuration determine bonding and the periodic table?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are central atoms and heteroatoms in molecules?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "data",
            "name": "Data",
            "description": "Atomic data.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "data-finding",
                "name": "Data",
                "description": "Data.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the atomic number, mass, radius and configuration of this element, according to reference data?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the element?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "exotic",
        "name": "Exotic",
        "description": "Exotic atoms and measurement.",
        "rationale": "Research.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "exotic",
            "name": "Exotic",
            "description": "Exotic atoms.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "exotic-finding",
                "name": "Exotic",
                "description": "Exotic atoms.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are muonic atoms, protonium and other exotic atoms, and why are they studied?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which experiments create them?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "imaging",
            "name": "Imaging",
            "description": "Seeing atoms.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "imaging-finding",
                "name": "Imaging",
                "description": "Imaging.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are atoms imaged and manipulated with scanning probe and electron microscopes?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits nanotechnology?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "Teaching and history.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching atoms.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can atomic structure be taught accurately at different levels?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History of the atom.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did the concept of the atom develop from ancient philosophy to modern physics?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should atomic models be a separate entry?",
    "How should atomic data be linked?",
    "How should teaching resources be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}