{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T15:39:07Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 4,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:38:57+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "revisions": [
      {
        "at": "2026-10-06T23:01:40+00:00",
        "engine": "codex",
        "fields": [
          "definition"
        ],
        "answering_review": "66fbe34f813fdf026794d9b0b8c276dec3e2335e80b2f7efa7293a361788494f"
      }
    ],
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:33+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q9299",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.serbian",
    "name": "Serbian",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.4",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.MED"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9299/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.serbian",
    "name": "Serbian",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain the Serbian language, its standard, scripts and dialects, relay history, status and the Serbo-Croatian debate from linguistic sources with attribution, describe the varieties the registry aliases name, and distinguish Serbian from Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin standards and from Old Church Slavonic, presenting contested questions neutrally.",
    "definition": "A South Slavic language of the Serbo-Croatian group, the official language of Serbia and co-official in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, constitutionally a language in official use in Montenegro, where Montenegrin is the official language, and recognised as a minority language in Croatia and other countries, written in both Cyrillic and Latin scripts, with Ekavian and Ijekavian pronunciations of the standard and dialects such as the Timok-Luznica dialect of the Torlakian area; whether Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin are one language or several is debated by linguists and shaped by national identity, and political and linguistic debates concerning Serbian in Montenegro and Croatia should be presented with attribution while distinguishing them from its legal status.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a language.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the language",
      "relay history and status",
      "describe varieties and scripts",
      "distinguish related standards"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Serbo-Croatian group",
      "Two scripts",
      "Ekavian standard",
      "Contested boundaries"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not a visible object; text in Cyrillic or Latin script.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "South Slavic language of Serbia and neighbours",
      "Ekavian and Ijekavian, Cyrillic and Latin scripts, Timok-Luznica dialect, Serbian in Montenegro and Croatia",
      "Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin are closely related standards; Old Church Slavonic is the liturgical ancestor"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "speakers",
        "typical_range": "about 8-9",
        "unit": "million",
        "note": "estimates"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "scripts",
        "typical_range": "Cyrillic and Latin",
        "unit": "list",
        "note": "digraphia"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Vuk Karadzic reform",
        "typical_range": "19th century",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "ISO 639",
        "typical_range": "sr, srp",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "standard Serbian in Ekavian and Ijekavian",
      "Serbian in Cyrillic and Latin script",
      "Shtokavian dialects",
      "Torlakian dialects such as Timok-Luznica",
      "Serbian as a minority language in Croatia, Hungary and Romania",
      "Serbian in Montenegro"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "Eastern Herzegovinian",
        "why": "dialect base, in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "belongs to",
        "target": "Serbo-Croatian",
        "why": "the pluricentric language"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is written in",
        "target": "Serbian Cyrillic alphabet",
        "why": "and Latin script"
      },
      {
        "relation": "was standardised by",
        "target": "Vuk Karadzic",
        "why": "in the 19th century"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "ISO 639-1",
        "value_or_pattern": "sr",
        "note": "Serbian"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "ISO 639-3",
        "value_or_pattern": "srp",
        "note": "Serbian"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "Glottolog",
        "value_or_pattern": "serb1264",
        "note": "Serbian"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Serbian law on official use of language and script",
      "Minority language laws in Croatia and other countries",
      "European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Partisan framing of the Serbo-Croatian question",
      "Conflating script choice with politics",
      "Registry aliases mixing pronunciations, scripts, dialects and country contexts"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Translate, read and write Serbian in either Cyrillic or Latin script, as the user prefers.",
        "Explain the language, its scripts and pronunciations, noting how it relates to neighbouring standards."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Take sides in disputes over whether Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin are one language.",
        "Mock speakers or use the language for ethnic insults.",
        "Present machine translation as certified for legal or medical use.",
        "Convert a text from one script to the other where the author chose the script deliberately."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Providing translations for legal, medical or asylum proceedings."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Language and script carry national identity in a region shaped by war.",
        "Mistranslation in official settings can harm people's rights."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Serbian speakers",
        "Speakers of neighbouring standards",
        "People relying on translations"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the language; it is held by its speakers, with standard bodies setting its norm.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q9299: Serbian",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9299",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Serbian language",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbian_language",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What Serbian is.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the Serbian language, and how does it relate to Croatian, Bosnian, Montenegrin and Old Church Slavonic, with the debate attributed?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about linguistics, scripts, a dialect, status in a country or a political debate?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "varieties",
            "name": "Varieties",
            "description": "Varieties.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "varieties-finding",
                "name": "Varieties",
                "description": "Varieties.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are Ekavian and Ijekavian, the Cyrillic and Latin scripts, the Timok-Luznica dialect and Serbian in Montenegro and Croatia?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific variety?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "language",
        "name": "Language",
        "description": "Structure and scripts.",
        "rationale": "Sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "grammar",
            "name": "Grammar",
            "description": "Grammar and sound.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "grammar-finding",
                "name": "Grammar",
                "description": "Grammar.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the main features of Serbian phonology, grammar and vocabulary?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "scripts",
            "name": "Scripts",
            "description": "Scripts.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "scripts-finding",
                "name": "Scripts",
                "description": "Scripts.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do the Cyrillic and Latin scripts coexist, and what does the law provide?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "status",
        "name": "Status",
        "description": "Status and debates.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "countries",
            "name": "Countries",
            "description": "Status by country.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "countries-finding",
                "name": "Countries",
                "description": "Countries.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the status of Serbian in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo and Croatia, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral and attributed?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "debate",
            "name": "Debate",
            "description": "One language or several.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "debate-finding",
                "name": "Debate",
                "description": "Debate.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do linguists and the 2017 Declaration on the Common Language say about Serbo-Croatian, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits Serbo-Croatian?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "History and culture.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did Serbian develop from Old Church Slavonic through Vuk Karadzic s reform?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of the Serbian language?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "culture",
            "name": "Culture",
            "description": "Literature and media.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "culture-finding",
                "name": "Culture",
                "description": "Culture.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the major works of Serbian literature and media?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits Serbian literature?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should Ekavian, Ijekavian and the Timok-Luznica dialect be separate primary entries?",
    "How should linguistic sources be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming pronunciations, scripts, dialects and national contexts; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}