{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T15:11:24Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 4,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:36:18+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T12:16:35+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: WordNet gloss",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-THINKING",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.thinking",
    "name": "thinking",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.4",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.KNW"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/thinking/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.thinking",
    "name": "thinking",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain thinking as a mental process, relay research on reasoning, problem solving and judgement from cognitive science sources with attribution, describe kinds of thinking, and distinguish thinking from perception, memory, intuition and the misfiled aliases.",
    "definition": "In the WordNet sense, the process of using the mind to consider something carefully, cognition directed at a problem, question or idea, studied in psychology and philosophy as reasoning, problem solving, judgement and reflection; the registry aliases scalage, curvature, interpretation, interpreting, rendition and rendering are unrelated WordNet nouns that appear to have been attached by mistake and are not senses of thinking.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a mental process.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the process",
      "relay research",
      "describe kinds",
      "distinguish related processes"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Deliberate",
      "Higher cognition",
      "Many kinds",
      "Misfiled aliases"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not a visible object; a mental process.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Careful mental consideration",
      "Reasoning, problem solving, judgement, reflection, critical and creative thinking",
      "Perception senses; memory stores; intuition is fast and automatic; the misfiled aliases concern measurement, geometry and translation"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "WordNet hypernym",
        "typical_range": "higher cognitive process",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "dual-process theory",
        "typical_range": "System 1 and System 2",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": "Kahneman and others"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "registry aliases",
        "typical_range": "misfiled",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "reasoning and logical thinking",
      "problem solving",
      "critical thinking",
      "creative thinking",
      "reflective and metacognitive thinking",
      "deliberation and judgement"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "higher cognitive process",
        "why": "in WordNet terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is studied by",
        "target": "cognitive psychology",
        "why": "and philosophy of mind"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "intuition",
        "why": "fast automatic judgement"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is exemplified by",
        "target": "problem solving",
        "why": "a directed form"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "WordNet",
        "value_or_pattern": "oewn-05778661-n",
        "note": "the process of using your mind to consider something carefully"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "No regulation"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Registry aliases attached in error",
      "Cognitive biases in thinking",
      "Confusing thinking with intuition or perception"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain how psychology and philosophy describe thinking and reasoning.",
        "Help a person structure their own reasoning when they ask for it."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Claim to read or know a person's thoughts.",
        "Use techniques that manipulate a person's reasoning against their interests.",
        "Present an agent's own processing as human thought.",
        "Judge a person's intelligence or mental capacity without a qualified assessment."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Any decision about a person's mental capacity."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Freedom of thought is a basic right; influence over it must be honest.",
        "Ideas of who thinks well have been used to exclude people."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Users",
        "Students",
        "People with cognitive disabilities"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns it; each person holds their own thinking.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "oewn",
      "title": "Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-05778923-n",
      "url": "https://en-word.net/id/oewn-05778923-n",
      "what_it_supports": "sense and gloss of the concept",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    },
    {
      "id": "wiktionary-en",
      "title": "Wiktionary: thinking",
      "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/thinking",
      "what_it_supports": "word senses and usage",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What thinking is.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is thinking, and how does it differ from perception, memory, intuition and the misfiled aliases?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about psychology, philosophy, a kind of thinking or a misfiled alias?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "kinds",
            "name": "Kinds",
            "description": "Kinds.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "kinds-finding",
                "name": "Kinds",
                "description": "Kinds.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are reasoning, problem solving, critical, creative and reflective thinking?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific kind?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "science",
        "name": "Science",
        "description": "Cognitive science.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "theories",
            "name": "Theories",
            "description": "Theories.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "theories-finding",
                "name": "Theories",
                "description": "Theories.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do dual-process and other theories say about thinking, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "biases",
            "name": "Biases",
            "description": "Biases.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "biases-finding",
                "name": "Biases",
                "description": "Biases.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What biases and heuristics affect thinking, as research reports?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "philosophy",
        "name": "Philosophy",
        "description": "Philosophy.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "mind",
            "name": "Mind",
            "description": "Philosophy of mind.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mind-finding",
                "name": "Mind",
                "description": "Mind.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do philosophers treat thought, reason and the relation of thinking to language?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits philosophy of mind?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "education",
            "name": "Education",
            "description": "Education.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "education-finding",
                "name": "Education",
                "description": "Education.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is critical thinking taught and assessed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits critical thinking?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Machines and registry note.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "machines",
            "name": "Machines",
            "description": "Machine thinking.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "machines-finding",
                "name": "Machines",
                "description": "Machines.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is thinking modelled in artificial intelligence, and what is debated, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits artificial intelligence?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "aliases",
            "name": "Aliases",
            "description": "Misfiled aliases.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "aliases-finding",
                "name": "Aliases",
                "description": "Aliases.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Why are scalage, curvature, interpretation, rendition and rendering not senses of thinking?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits each?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should the misfiled aliases be removed?",
    "How should cognitive science sources be linked?",
    "The registry aliases scalage, curvature, interpretation, interpreting, rendition and rendering are unrelated and should be detached"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}