outbreak
Let an agent explain outbreaks as sudden occurrences, relay disease outbreak concepts, investigation and response from public health sources in general terms, describe non-medical senses such as outbreaks of violence and pest irruptions, and distinguish outbreak from epidemic and pandemic as scales and from endemic conditions.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Understand What an outbreak is.
Definition
Definition and senses.
Definition
Definition.
- What is an outbreak, and how do outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, recrudescence and endemic differ? definition
- Is the question about disease, violence, pests or a personal health matter needing a clinician? boundary
Senses
Non-medical senses.
Senses
Senses.
- What are outbreaks of violence, irruptions of pests and eruptions in this broad sense? definition
- Which entry fits the specific sense? action
Response Outbreak response.
Investigation
Investigation.
Investigation
Investigation.
- How do public health teams detect, investigate and control outbreaks? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Rules
Reporting rules.
Rules
Rules.
- What do the International Health Regulations and national rules require? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Cases Notable outbreaks.
History
Historical outbreaks.
History
History.
- What were the major historical epidemics and pandemics? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific pandemic? action
Recent
Recent outbreaks.
Recent
Recent.
- What lessons came from recent outbreaks such as Ebola and COVID-19, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral? boundary
Context Preparedness and language.
Preparedness
Preparedness.
Preparedness
Preparedness.
- How do countries prepare for outbreaks? provenance
- Which entry fits pandemic preparedness? action
Language
Language.
Language
Language.
- How is outbreak used figuratively, and how do media use the term? provenance
- Which entry fits health communication? action
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Activities and processes
- Entry kind
- noun.event
- Plane
- ACT
- Domain
- ACT.EVT
- Facets: substance
- activity
- Facets: origin
- conceptual
- Facets: agency
- inert
- Facets: mobility
- not-applicable
- Facets: scale
- not-applicable
- Facets: affordances
- observable
- Other names and narrower kinds
- eruption, irruption, epidemic, pandemic, recrudescence
What it is Filled
A sudden violent spontaneous occurrence, usually of an undesirable condition, in the WordNet sense covering outbreaks of disease from local clusters through epidemics to pandemics and recrudescences of past infections, and also eruptions of violence, war or unrest and irruptions of pests or populations; outbreak investigation and response are core public health activities.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent explain outbreaks as sudden occurrences, relay disease outbreak concepts, investigation and response from public health sources in general terms, describe non-medical senses such as outbreaks of violence and pest irruptions, and distinguish outbreak from epidemic and pandemic as scales and from endemic conditions.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Sudden onset
- Above expected level
- Investigation and response
- Several senses
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Spread unverified claims about an outbreak or its cause.
- Blame a group, place or nationality for an outbreak.
- Assist in starting or worsening an outbreak of disease or violence.
- Disclose the identity of cases or victims.
Only with a human decision
- Declaring or reporting an outbreak to authorities or the public.
May
- Explain outbreaks of disease and violence and how they are recognised.
- Relay official outbreak reports with source and date.
- Point people to public health or safety guidance.
Moral aspects Filled
- Outbreaks spread fear; false information costs lives.
- Blame for outbreaks has fed discrimination and violence against minorities.
Who is affected
- Affected communities
- Health and emergency workers
- Groups blamed for outbreaks
Owners Filled
Steward
Nobody owns an outbreak; public health and civil authorities answer for the response.
Master systems
- Notifiable disease surveillance systems
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- oewn-07298313-n - registry parent class
related
- event - in general terms
- epidemiology - in public health
- endemic - steady occurrence
- epidemic - a large-scale outbreak
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.outbreak
- Open English WordNet: oewn-07449873-n
- WordNet: oewn-07298313-n a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
- outbreak definition: more cases than expected in a place and time note - public health
- WHO Disease Outbreak News: ongoing series note
- COVID-19 declared pandemic: 11 March 2020 date
Plane ACT: no invented physical properties.
Recognition optional Filled
- Sudden occurrence of an undesirable condition
- Disease outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, recrudescence, eruption, irruption
- Endemic disease is steady; an epidemic is a large outbreak; a pandemic spans countries
- Not a visible object; a sudden rise in cases or events.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- explain senses and scales
- relay outbreak response
- describe non-medical senses
- distinguish related terms
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Delayed detection and response
- Agents giving personal medical advice
- Confusing senses and scales
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- International Health Regulations 2005
- National notifiable disease and outbreak reporting rules
Context of use required Filled
- Not applicable; a category of event.
- disease outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics
- recrudescence of past infections
- foodborne and waterborne outbreaks
- outbreaks of violence, war and unrest
- pest and population irruptions
- volcanic and other eruptions in a loose sense
Sources Filled
- Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-07449873-n - sense and gloss of the concept
- Wiktionary: outbreak - word senses and usage
Open questions
- Should epidemic, pandemic and outbreak investigation be the primary linked entries?
- How should public health sources be linked?
- How should the non-medical senses be kept apart?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-outbreak/spec.json