onchocerciasis
Let an agent explain onchocerciasis and its transmission, relay symptoms, treatment and control programmes from WHO and tropical medicine sources in general terms, describe the regional skin forms the registry aliases name, and distinguish onchocerciasis from other filarial diseases and from trachoma as a cause of blindness.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain onchocerciasis and its transmission, relay symptoms, treatment and control programmes from WHO and tropical medicine sources in general terms, describe the regional skin forms the registry aliases name, and distinguish onchocerciasis from other filarial diseases and from trachoma as a cause of blindness.
River blindness, a neglected tropical disease caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus transmitted by blackflies breeding in fast-flowing rivers, causing severe itching, skin changes known regionally as sowda, mal morando and erisipela de la costa, nodules and, in ocular onchocerciasis, visual impairment and blindness; it affects mainly sub-Saharan Africa and is controlled by mass ivermectin treatment and vector control. The model gives general information and routes people to health services.
What it is for: Not applicable; a disease.
It can be explain the disease; relay treatment and control; route to health services; distinguish related diseases.
Distinguishing features
Filarial parasite
Blackfly vector
Skin and eye disease
Mass treatment control
What it looks like
Not a visible object; skin nodules, dermatitis and eye disease.
Physical character
people infected: about 21 million - 2017 estimate
vector: Simulium blackflies note
treatment: ivermectin mass drug administration note
countries verified free: Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Guatemala list - as of 2020s
How it is recognised
Parasitic disease transmitted by blackflies
Ocular onchocerciasis, sowda, mal morando, erisipela de la costa
Lymphatic filariasis is a different filarial disease; trachoma is bacterial
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms
is caused by - a filarial worm
is treated with - in mass programmes
In practice
Families and kinds
ocular onchocerciasis
onchocercal skin disease including sowda
regional forms such as mal morando and erisipela de la costa
nodding syndrome association under study
Identifiers
ICD-10 B73 onchocerciasis
MeSH D009855 Onchocerciasis
Standards and regulation
WHO elimination guidelines and verification criteria
National mass drug administration programmes
Failure modes and hazards
Agents giving personal medical advice
Ivermectin risks in areas with Loa loa co-infection
Registry aliases naming regional terms without context
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What onchocerciasis is.
Clinical.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is onchocerciasis, and how does it differ from lymphatic filariasis and trachoma? definition
- Is the user describing personal symptoms, which need a health service? boundary
Forms
Forms.
Forms
Forms.
- What are ocular onchocerciasis, sowda, mal morando and erisipela de la costa? definition
- Which entry fits the specific form? action
Disease Transmission and disease.
Science.
Transmission
Transmission.
Transmission
Transmission.
- How do blackflies transmit the parasite, and what is its life cycle? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Effects
Effects.
Effects
Effects.
- How does the parasite cause skin and eye disease? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Control Treatment and control.
Regulation.
Treatment
Treatment.
Treatment
Treatment.
- How is onchocerciasis treated with ivermectin and other drugs, in general terms, and what precautions apply? provenance
- Which entry fits ivermectin? action
Programmes
Programmes.
Programmes
Programmes.
- How have WHO and partner programmes controlled and eliminated the disease? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific programme? action
Context History and burden.
Context.
History
History.
History
History.
- How did the Onchocerciasis Control Programme and Mectizan donation change the disease? provenance
- Which entry fits the history of tropical medicine? action
Burden
Burden.
Burden
Burden.
- Where does the disease persist, and what is its social burden? provenance
- Which entry fits neglected tropical disease? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should ocular onchocerciasis and sowda be separate primary entries?
- How should WHO sources be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming regional skin forms; should they be recorded as such?