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Research draft

dyslexia

vr.tr.dyslexia · XCT.STA

Let an agent explain dyslexia and its features in neutral terms, relay assessment, support and accommodations from educational and clinical sources, describe acquired forms, and route individuals and families to qualified assessors and support organisations.

Thing Registry Cross-cutting context

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain dyslexia and its features in neutral terms, relay assessment, support and accommodations from educational and clinical sources, describe acquired forms, and route individuals and families to qualified assessors and support organisations.

A specific learning difficulty affecting accurate and fluent word reading and spelling, of neurobiological origin and typically involving difficulties with phonological processing, independent of intelligence, occurring in an estimated 5 to 10 percent of people, with acquired forms after brain injury described as surface, deep and phonological dyslexia; dyslexia is identified through assessment and supported by structured literacy teaching, accommodations and assistive technology.

What it is for: Not applicable; a learning difficulty.

It can be explain features; relay assessment and support; describe acquired forms; route to assessors.

Distinguishing features

Word-level reading difficulty

Independent of intelligence

Phonological basis

Lifelong but supportable

What it looks like

Not a visible object; difficulties with reading and spelling.

Physical character

prevalence: about 5-10 percent - estimates

key deficit: phonological processing note - most research

How it is recognised

Reading and spelling difficulty of neurobiological origin

Developmental dyslexia; acquired surface, deep and phonological dyslexia

Dyscalculia affects numbers; dysgraphia affects writing; poor teaching alone is not dyslexia

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

learning disability

is a kind of - in registry terms

reading disability

involves - difficulties

phonological awareness

is supported by - teaching

structured literacy

In practice

Families and kinds

developmental dyslexia

acquired surface dyslexia

acquired deep dyslexia

acquired phonological dyslexia

dyslexia co-occurring with ADHD, dyscalculia or developmental language disorder

Identifiers

ICD-11 6A03.0 developmental learning disorder with impairment in reading

MeSH D004410 dyslexia

Standards and regulation

Special educational needs and disability laws

Exam access arrangements

Workplace reasonable adjustment duties

Failure modes and hazards

Agents diagnosing individuals

Myths such as letter reversal defining dyslexia

Unproven interventions such as coloured lenses presented as cures

Also called

surface dyslexiadeep dyslexiaphonological dyslexia

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Also registered as vr.tr.dyslexia

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Help Getting assessed and supported.

Safety.

Assessment

Assessment.

Assessment

Assessment.

  1. How is dyslexia assessed, and who is qualified to assess children and adults? action
  2. Is the user asking about themselves or their child, which needs a qualified assessor? boundary

Support

Support and accommodations.

Support

Support.

  1. What support, accommodations and assistive technology help in school and work? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the specific accommodation? action
Understand What dyslexia is.

Clinical.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is dyslexia, and how does it differ from dyscalculia, dysgraphia and general reading difficulties? definition
  2. Is the question about developmental dyslexia, an acquired form or another difficulty? boundary

Science

Science.

Science

Science.

  1. What do research and neuroscience say about the causes of dyslexia, with findings attributed? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance
Acquired Acquired dyslexia.

Clinical.

Forms

Forms.

Forms

Forms.

  1. What are surface, deep and phonological dyslexia after brain injury, and what do they reveal about reading? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance

Rehab

Rehabilitation.

Rehab

Rehab.

  1. How is acquired dyslexia treated in neurorehabilitation, in general terms? provenance
  2. Which entry fits alexia? action
Context Society and myths.

Context.

Myths

Myths.

Myths

Myths.

  1. What myths about dyslexia persist, and what does evidence say about interventions such as coloured lenses? provenance
  2. Is the presentation evidence-based? boundary

Society

Society.

Society

Society.

  1. How do laws, schools and employers accommodate dyslexia, and what advocacy exists? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the specific organisation? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should acquired dyslexia be a separate entry?
  • How should educational and clinical sources be linked?
  • How should co-occurring conditions be recorded?