← Back to catalogue
Research draft

Nahuatl

vr.tr.nahuatl · INF.MED

Let an agent describe Nahuatl and its varieties, relay speaker numbers, linguistic features and history with sources, explain Classical and modern forms, and present revitalisation and rights issues with attribution.

Thing Registry Information and virtual systems

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent describe Nahuatl and its varieties, relay speaker numbers, linguistic features and history with sources, explain Classical and modern forms, and present revitalisation and rights issues with attribution.

A Uto-Aztecan language or group of closely related languages spoken by about 1.7 million Nahua people in Mexico, with communities in the United States, descended from the Classical Nahuatl of the Aztec Empire and comprising many varieties such as Highland Puebla, Isthmus, Western Peripheral and Southern Coahuila Nahuatl; Nahuatl has a rich colonial-era literature in the Latin alphabet, contributed words such as chocolate and tomato to world languages, and is recognised as a national language of Mexico while facing pressure from Spanish.

What it is for: Not applicable; a language.

It can be describe varieties and classification; relay speaker numbers and features; explain history and literature; present revitalisation issues.

Distinguishing features

Agglutinative and polysynthetic

Classical literary tradition

Many divergent varieties

Loanwords in world languages

What it looks like

Not a visible object; written in the Latin alphabet with several orthographies.

Physical character

speakers: about 1.65 million people - Mexican census 2020

varieties: about 30 count - by ISO 639-3

How it is recognised

Uto-Aztecan language of the Nahua

Classical Nahuatl and many modern varieties

Aztec is a people and empire; Pipil in El Salvador is a related Nahuan language

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

Nahuan

is a kind of - in registry terms

Uto-Aztecan

is a kind of - in registry terms

Indigenous languages of the Americas

is spoken by - the speakers

Nahua peoples

In practice

Families and kinds

Classical Nahuatl

Central Nahuatl varieties

Huasteca Nahuatl

Highland Puebla Nahuatl

Isthmus varieties such as Mecayapan and Cosoleacaque

Western Peripheral and Southern Coahuila Nahuatl

Nahuatl in the United States among migrants

Identifiers

ISO 639-2 nah

ISO 639-3 nci Classical Nahuatl, among about 30 codes

Standards and regulation

Mexican General Law of Linguistic Rights of Indigenous Peoples 2003

INALI variety catalogue and orthography norms

Bilingual education policies

Failure modes and hazards

Treating varieties as one uniform language

Confusing Nahuatl with Aztec as a people

Language shift and endangerment of some varieties

Unsourced speaker figures

Also called

Nahuatl language in the United StatesSouthern Coahuila NahuatlWestern Peripheral NahuatlHighland Puebla NahuatlIsthmus-Mecayapan NahuatlIsthmus-Cosoleacaque NahuatlNorthern Chiapas NahuatlAutecoSanta María La Alta NahuatlNorthern Oaxaca NahuatlTlamacazapa NahuatlNorthern Puebla NahuatlTemascaltepec NahuatlMexicaneroIsthmus-Pajapan NahuatlHuaxcaleca NahuatlOmetepec NáhuatlMichoacán NahuatlHuasteca NahuatlEastern Huasteca NahuatlMilpa Alta NahuatlHuauchinango NahuatlCentral NahuatlCoatepec NahuatlEastern Peripheral NahuatlGuerrero NahuatlIsthmus NahuatlJalisco NahuatlTabasco NahuatlWestern Durango NahuatlEastern Durango NahuatlWestern Huasteca Nahuatl

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Identify What Nahuatl is.

Identity.

Definition

Language and varieties.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is Nahuatl, and how do its varieties relate? definition
  2. Is the question about Classical Nahuatl, a modern variety or the Nahua people? boundary

Speakers

Speakers.

Speakers

Speakers.

  1. How many people speak Nahuatl, and where, with census sources? measurement
  2. Which entry fits the specific variety? action
Structure Grammar and writing.

Linguistics.

Grammar

Grammar.

Grammar

Grammar.

  1. What are the main features of Nahuatl grammar and phonology? definition
  2. Which entry fits Uto-Aztecan linguistics? action

Writing

Writing and orthography.

Writing

Writing.

  1. How has Nahuatl been written, from pictorial codices to Latin orthographies? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance
History History and literature.

Attribution.

Classical

Classical Nahuatl.

Classical

Classical.

  1. What is Classical Nahuatl, and what literature survives, such as the Florentine Codex? provenance
  2. Which entry fits Classical Nahuatl? action

Contact

Contact and loanwords.

Contact

Contact.

  1. How did Nahuatl and Spanish influence each other, and which Nahuatl words entered world languages? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Today Rights and revitalisation.

Attribution.

Rights

Language rights.

Rights

Rights.

  1. What legal status and rights does Nahuatl have in Mexico, and what debates exist, with attribution? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral and respectful of speaker communities? boundary

Learn

Learning and revitalisation.

Learn

Learn.

  1. What revitalisation efforts and learning resources exist? provenance
  2. Which entry fits language revitalisation? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should Classical Nahuatl and major varieties be separate entries?
  • How should INALI and census sources be linked?
  • The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific varieties; should they be split off?