jaundice
Let an agent explain jaundice and its kinds in general terms from clinical sources, describe causes and investigation, identify urgent presentations in adults and newborns, and route personal questions to clinicians.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Help Urgent situations first.
Urgent
Urgent signs.
Urgent
Urgent.
- When does jaundice need urgent assessment, such as in newborns, with fever, confusion, pain or dark urine? action
- Is the user describing jaundice in a newborn or with warning signs, which needs urgent care now? boundary
Assessment
Assessment.
Assessment
Assessment.
- How do clinicians investigate jaundice with blood tests and imaging, in general terms? provenance
- Is the user asking about their own jaundice, which needs a clinician? boundary
Understand The sign.
Mechanism
Bilirubin and mechanism.
Mechanism
Mechanism.
- How is bilirubin formed and cleared, and why does it accumulate? definition
- Is the question about jaundice or another cause of yellow skin? boundary
Kinds
Kinds and causes.
Kinds
Kinds.
- What are hemolytic, hepatocellular and obstructive jaundice, and what causes each? definition
- Which entry fits the specific cause? action
Newborn Neonatal jaundice.
Neonatal
Neonatal jaundice.
Neonatal
Neonatal.
- Why is neonatal jaundice common, and how is it monitored and treated with phototherapy, per guidelines? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Risks
Risks.
Risks
Risks.
- What is kernicterus, and which newborns are at higher risk? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Context Treatment and history.
Treatment
Treating causes.
Treatment
Treatment.
- How is jaundice managed by treating hepatitis, gallstones, cancer or hemolysis, in general terms? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific condition? action
History
History.
History
History.
- How was jaundice understood historically, from humoral theory to bilirubin chemistry? provenance
- Which entry fits the history of hepatology? action
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Information and virtual systems
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- INF
- Domain
- INF.KNW
- Other names and narrower kinds
- icteric eyes, icteric skin, hemolytic jaundice, hepatocellular jaundice, neonatal jaundice, obstructive jaundice, perinatal jaundice due to hepatocellular damage, Lucey–Driscoll syndrome, congenital nonhemolytic jaundice, kernicterus, kernicterus due to isoimmunization
What it is Filled
A yellow discolouration of the skin, the whites of the eyes and mucous membranes caused by raised bilirubin in the blood, classified by cause as hemolytic or pre-hepatic from red cell breakdown, hepatocellular from liver disease, and obstructive or post-hepatic from blocked bile ducts, and occurring commonly and usually harmlessly as neonatal jaundice in newborns; jaundice is a sign rather than a disease, requires investigation of its cause, and in newborns needs monitoring to prevent bilirubin toxicity.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent explain jaundice and its kinds in general terms from clinical sources, describe causes and investigation, identify urgent presentations in adults and newborns, and route personal questions to clinicians.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Bilirubin elevation
- Yellow sclera
- Three causal categories
- Neonatal form common
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Diagnose the cause of jaundice for a specific person.
- Recommend home treatment such as sunlight for a jaundiced newborn instead of medical care.
- Promote unproven liver cleanses or remedies.
- Disclose a named person's liver condition without consent.
Only with a human decision
- Any clinical decision on testing or treatment for jaundice.
May
- Explain jaundice, its main kinds of cause and warning signs in general terms.
- Urge parents of a yellow newborn or a yellow adult to seek prompt medical care.
Moral aspects Filled
- Severe newborn jaundice can cause brain damage if not treated in time.
- Liver disease carries stigma that can deter people from seeking care.
Who is affected
- Newborns and parents
- Patients
Owners Filled
Steward
The person themselves; the treating clinician answers for diagnosis and care.
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q100751718 - registry parent class
- Q1441305 - registry parent class
- Q47085690 - registry parent class
related
- clinical sign - in registry terms
- abnormal skin coloration - in registry terms
- skin and integumentary tissue symptom - in registry terms
- hyperbilirubinemia - from various sources
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.jaundice
- Wikidata: Q133244 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133244)
- ICD-11: ME10.0 jaundice, not elsewhere classified
- MeSH: D007565 jaundice
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
- visible jaundice threshold: about 2-3 mg/dL bilirubin - adults
- neonatal jaundice incidence: about 60 percent - of term newborns
Plane INF: no invented physical properties.
Recognition optional Filled
- Yellowing from raised bilirubin
- Hemolytic, hepatocellular, obstructive and neonatal jaundice; icteric eyes and skin
- Carotenemia yellows skin but not eyes; anaemia causes pallor
- Yellow skin and yellow whites of the eyes.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- explain kinds and mechanism
- relay causes and investigation
- identify urgent presentations
- route personal questions
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Kernicterus from untreated neonatal jaundice
- Missed liver disease or biliary obstruction
- Agents giving personal medical advice
- Confusing jaundice with carotenemia
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- Clinical guidelines on neonatal jaundice such as NICE and AAP
- Guidelines on investigation of adult jaundice
Context of use required Filled
- Not applicable; a clinical sign.
- hemolytic or pre-hepatic jaundice
- hepatocellular jaundice
- obstructive or post-hepatic jaundice
- neonatal jaundice including physiological and pathological forms
- inherited hyperbilirubinaemias such as Gilbert syndrome
- icteric skin and icteric eyes as signs
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q133244: jaundice - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Jaundice - general description of the item
Open questions
- Should neonatal jaundice and obstructive jaundice be separate primary entries?
- How should clinical guidelines be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming signs and causal categories; should they be split off?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q133244/spec.json