downy mildew
Let an agent explain downy mildew as a plant disease, relay its hosts, causes, disease cycles, symptoms and management from plant pathology and agricultural extension sources, flag the incorrect registry parent, and distinguish it from powdery mildew, rusts and grey mould caused by true fungi and from late blight caused by related oomycetes.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Understand What downy mildew is.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is downy mildew, and how does it differ from powdery mildew, rusts, grey mould and late blight? definition
- Is the question about a garden, a farm, wine grapes or plant biology? boundary
Diseases
Named diseases.
Diseases
Diseases.
- What are grapevine, pea, lettuce and cereal downy mildews and tobacco blue mould? definition
- Which entry fits the specific disease? action
Pathology Pathogens.
Oomycetes
Oomycetes.
Oomycetes
Oomycetes.
- Why are oomycetes not true fungi? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Disease cycle
Disease cycle.
Disease cycle
Disease cycle.
- How do wet conditions drive infection and sporulation? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Management Management.
Control
Control methods.
Control
Control.
- What resistant varieties, sanitation and approved treatments are used, in general terms? provenance
- Which entry fits integrated pest management? action
Copper
Copper debate.
Copper
Copper.
- What do regulators and organic growers argue about copper use against downy mildew, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral and attributed? boundary
Context History.
Vineyards
European vineyards.
Vineyards
Vineyards.
- How did downy mildew and phylloxera transform European viticulture? provenance
- Which entry fits phylloxera? action
Bordeaux mixture
Bordeaux mixture.
Bordeaux mixture
Bordeaux mixture.
- How was Bordeaux mixture discovered? provenance
- Which entry fits Bordeaux mixture? action
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Physical world and living systems
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- PHY
- Domain
- PHY.LIV
- Other names and narrower kinds
- grapevine downy mildew, Sclerophthora macrospora downy mildew, pea downy mildew, Blue mold, Downy mildew of lettuce
What it is Filled
Downy mildew is a plant disease caused by oomycetes of the family Peronosporaceae, historically grouped with fungi but distinct from true fungi, often associated with yellow patches on upper leaf surfaces and downy grey or white growth beneath; examples include diseases caused by Plasmopara viticola on grapevines, pathogens of lettuce and peas, Sclerophthora macrospora on cereals and Peronospora tabacina associated with blue mould of tobacco; management includes resistant varieties, sanitation, humidity control and fungicides under regulation.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent explain downy mildew as a plant disease, relay its hosts, causes, disease cycles, symptoms and management from plant pathology and agricultural extension sources, flag the incorrect registry parent, and distinguish it from powdery mildew, rusts and grey mould caused by true fungi and from late blight caused by related oomycetes.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Downy mildew is caused by oomycetes of the family Peronosporaceae rather than true fungi.
- Affected leaves may develop downy growth on their undersides.
- Disease development is often favoured by humid conditions.
- Downy mildew can cause major crop losses.
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Recommend copper or other treatments beyond approved label rates or limits.
- Recommend repeated use of one fungicide group in ways that drive resistance.
- Present downy mildew as an organism, describe its pathogens as true fungi or confuse the disease with powdery mildew.
Only with a human decision
- Spray decisions on a vineyard or field.
May
- Explain downy mildew as a plant disease caused by oomycetes, distinguishing the disease from its pathogens and from diseases caused by true fungi.
- Monitor crops for symptoms and weather conditions that favour infection and alert the grower.
Moral aspects Filled
- Copper build-up in soils harms soil life for decades.
- Crop losses can ruin small growers, so advice must be accurate.
Who is affected
- Growers
- Soil organisms
- Farm workers applying treatments
Owners Filled
Steward
The grower answers for each crop; plant protection authorities approve treatments.
Links to other meta-models Filled
related
- plant disease - related
- Plasmopara viticola - in grapes
- Bordeaux mixture - historically
- powdery mildew
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.downy-mildew
- Wikidata: Q1394849 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394849)
Direct properties required Filled
- Plasmopara viticola in Europe: 1878 year - France
- Bordeaux mixture developed: 1880s note - Millardet
- registry parent error: rust note - incorrect
Recognition required Filled
- Downy mildew may present as yellow patches on upper leaf surfaces and downy grey or white growth beneath infected leaves.
- Disease examples include grapevine downy mildew, pea and lettuce downy mildew, and blue mould of tobacco.
- Symptoms alone do not establish the identity of a pathogen.
- Powdery mildew, rusts and grey mould are diseases caused by true fungi, while late blight is caused by related oomycetes.
- Angular yellow leaf spots with fluffy grey, white or purplish growth on undersides.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- explain pathogens and symptoms
- relay disease cycles
- describe named diseases
- relay management approaches
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Copper accumulation in soils
- Fungicide resistance
- Incorrect registry parent
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- Plant protection product regulations
- Organic farming copper limits
- Plant health quarantine rules
Context of use required Filled
- Not applicable; plant diseases.
- grapevine downy mildew
- lettuce and brassica downy mildews
- legume downy mildews
- cereal downy mildews
- tobacco blue mould
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q1394849: downy mildew - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Downy mildew - general description of the item
Open questions
- The registry parent rust should be corrected to oomycete plant disease
- Should grapevine downy mildew be a separate entry?
- How should extension guidance be linked?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q1394849/spec.json