brake
Enable an agent to recognise a brake, assess its ability to retard or hold motion, and determine which operations require verified capacity, condition and control safeguards.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read
Researched by: Codex
Purpose and description
Enable an agent to recognise a brake, assess its ability to retard or hold motion, and determine which operations require verified capacity, condition and control safeguards.
A brake is a device that applies a force or torque opposing actual or impending relative motion to slow, stop, or hold a moving member by dissipating, transferring, or recovering mechanical energy.
It can be Identify the braking principle and distinguish slowing capability from verified holding capability.; Compare required braking force, torque and duty with documented operating limits.; Request controlled application or release through an authorised host interface when load and restraint conditions permit.; Inspect wear, leakage, clearance, contamination and thermal evidence to assess serviceability.; Determine whether a fault requires inhibited motion, alternative restraint or maintenance.; Trace capacity and conformity claims to the applicable design, test and installation evidence..
Distinguishing features
Its intended function includes applying force or torque against actual or impending motion; incidental bearing friction does not establish that an object is a brake.
It provides a braking reaction path or energy-transfer mechanism; a command pedal or control signal alone is not a brake.
A friction brake restrains relative motion through a friction interface, whereas a clutch primarily establishes coupling between members; combined devices require both roles to be recorded.
A holding brake develops rated holding force or torque, whereas a positive lock restrains movement through geometric engagement; hybrid assemblies require an explicit boundary.
The term refers here to a physical braking device or assembly, rather than the abstract act of braking or the host machine's complete stopping function.
Scope
+ Brakes intended to slow, stop or hold a moving member or load
+ Friction, electromagnetic and fluid-resistance braking mechanisms where embodied in a brake device
+ Brake actuation, release, adjustment and local control interfaces
+ Force or torque capacity, response and duty-dependent operating limits
+ Wear, thermal condition, faults and maintenance evidence
+ Interfaces through which braking reactions and energy reach the host system
- Whole-vehicle or whole-machine motion control and stopping performance
- Clutches whose primary purpose is coupling two moving members
- Dedicated locks, chocks and latches whose purpose is positive restraint
- Prime movers, electrical storage and power networks receiving recovered energy
- Standalone braking algorithms and operator procedures
- Product catalogues and histories of individual installed units
Characteristics
- Intended braking role
- service retardation; stopping; parking or holding; emergency duty; supplementary retardation; combinations A brake suitable for one role may lack the capacity, response or assurance required for another.
- Braking principle
- friction; electromagnetic; fluid resistance; other documented principle; hybrid Determines how resistance is generated and which operating limits and failure modes apply.
- Braked member and reaction path
- Links to restrained member, mounting structure and any transmission between brake and load Locates where braking acts and where the equal reaction must be supported.
- Dynamic braking capacity
- N or N·m, with speed, temperature, actuation and duty conditions Establishes the resistance available while moving without confusing it with static holding capacity.
- Static holding capacity
- N or N·m at zero speed; unsupported or unverified where applicable Determines whether the brake can restrain a stationary load.
- Energy and thermal duty
- J per event, W over a stated duty cycle, and °C operating limits Repeated or prolonged braking may exceed thermal limits despite adequate instantaneous torque.
- Application and release supply
- mechanical; hydraulic; pneumatic; electrical; stored spring energy; combinations, separately recorded for application and release Distinguishes the command path from the energy that applies or releases the brake.
- Application and release response
- ms or s under stated supply, temperature and load conditions Delay affects stopping and coordination with the host system.
- Observed engagement state
- released; applying; partially applied; applied; releasing; unknown The commanded state does not by itself establish actual engagement or braking force.
- Wear and adjustment margin
- mm clearance, lining thickness or actuator travel, as applicable, against documented limits Wear and adjustment can reduce capacity or prevent complete release.
- Behaviour on supply loss
- applies; releases; retains prior state; condition-dependent; unverified Loss of power or pressure must not be assumed to produce a safe state.
- Host and conformity basis
- Links to host application, applicable requirements, issuing bodies and supporting evidence Acceptability depends on the application and evidence for the relevant brake or assembled system.
Also called
+2
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.brake-artifact
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 6 bundles · 11 layers · 17 findings · 27 questions.
Braking role and boundary Identifies what motion the brake opposes and which braking functions belong to the assembly.
Recognition must separate the brake from its controls, host system and neighbouring coupling or locking devices.
Intended motion restraint
Defines the motion or load the brake is intended to retard or hold.
Braking function
Record intended dynamic and static roles separately, including permitted directions of operation.
- Which member or load is the brake intended to slow, stop or hold, and in which directions? definition
- What evidence establishes each claimed service, emergency or holding role? provenance
Assembly boundary
Separates the braking assembly from neighbouring mechanisms and host functions.
Included braking elements
Identify the elements that generate resistance, apply it and transmit its reaction, without absorbing the entire host machine.
- Which resistance-generating elements, actuators and local controls belong to the brake assembly? boundary
- Does the assembly also act as a clutch, lock or drive, and how are those roles distinguished? boundary
Resistance and capacity Describes how braking resistance arises and the conditions under which it is available.
A nominal brake rating cannot establish capability across all speeds, loads and engagement conditions.
Resistance generation
Records the physical mechanism and its dependence on operating conditions.
Force or torque generation
Describe the frictional, electromagnetic, fluid or other mechanism and the variables governing its output.
- What physical interaction produces the braking force or torque? definition
- How does available resistance vary with speed, direction, temperature and actuator input? measurement
Dynamic and static capacity
Keeps moving-load braking and stationary-load holding claims distinct.
Capacity envelope
Record documented force or torque limits with their test conditions, including whether zero-speed holding is supported.
- What dynamic force or torque is available over the intended operating range, and under which rating conditions? measurement
- What verified holding capacity exists at zero speed, and what limits its duration? measurement
Braking energy and duty Tracks energy removed during motion and the constraints imposed by repeated or sustained braking.
A brake may meet instantaneous force requirements while exceeding its energy or heat-rejection capacity.
Energy destination
Identifies where mechanical energy goes during braking.
Dissipation or transfer path
Record whether energy becomes heat locally, passes to a fluid circuit or transfers to an external electrical or mechanical recipient.
- Where does the energy removed from the moving load go, and which components receive it? boundary
- What limits apply when cooling or an external energy recipient is unavailable? action
Thermal duty envelope
Relates event energy, sustained power and recovery time to allowable operation.
Duty and recovery limits
Record permissible braking cycles and thermal limits together with cooling assumptions.
- What energy per event and average braking power are permitted for the documented duty cycle? measurement
- Which temperature, cooling or recovery conditions require reduced duty or inhibited operation? action
Application, release and fault response Describes how the brake changes state and behaves when commands, supplies or components fail.
Safe decisions require distinguishing requested engagement from actual restraint and understanding unintended release or application.
Actuation and observation
Connects control inputs, actuation energy and evidence of engagement.
Command to braking state
Record application and release mechanisms, delays and the meaning of available feedback.
- Which commands and energy supplies apply and release the brake, and what response times are documented? measurement
- Which observations establish actuator position, contact or actual braking force, and which states remain unobserved? measurement
Loss and override behaviour
Addresses supply loss, degraded actuation and deliberate manual release.
Fault-dependent restraint
Specify documented behaviour for relevant failures and the conditions required before overriding restraint.
- What happens to braking and holding capacity after loss of each relevant supply or control path? definition
- What verified alternative restraint and isolation are required before manual release or actuator work? action
Serviceability and host acceptance Connects brake condition and installation evidence to permitted use.
A brake's design capability remains useful only while its condition and host integration support that capability.
Degradation and maintenance
Records mechanism-specific deterioration, inspection limits and restoration requirements.
Serviceability evidence
Assess applicable wear, clearance, leakage, contamination, corrosion, drag and overheating indicators against documented limits.
- Which measurable wear, clearance, leakage or thermal limits determine whether this brake remains serviceable? measurement
- Which inspection results require adjustment, replacement, further testing or withdrawal from service? action
Installation and conformity
Locates mounting, host-system dependencies and the evidence supporting accepted use.
Host-specific acceptance
Record reaction-load support, transmission dependencies and applicable requirements without treating component approval as proof of whole-system performance.
- Which mounting, transmission and host-control conditions must hold for the brake's rated capability to reach the restrained load? boundary
- Which requirements and issuing bodies apply, and what test or conformity evidence covers the brake versus the complete host system? provenance
Evidence and external alignment What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.
A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.
Reported evidence
Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.
Check these first
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- The physical-device sense is inferred from PHY.OBJ; no narrower application is recorded.
- The listed regulations concern road vehicles and do not define universal requirements for all brakes; applicability and current revisions require checking.
- Torque, energy capacity, operating temperature, dimensions, and stopping performance vary too widely across applications to assign meaningful generic typical ranges.
- Which of these check these first hold for the sense of brake this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Kinds and varieties
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Disc brake
- Drum brake
- Band brake
- Eddy-current brake
- Hydrodynamic brake
- Regenerative brake
- Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of brake this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Standards and regulation
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- UN Regulation No. 13, issued under the UNECE framework, addresses braking of specified vehicle categories.
- UN Regulation No. 13-H, issued under the UNECE framework, addresses braking of passenger cars.
- UN Regulation No. 90, issued under the UNECE framework, addresses replacement brake lining assemblies, drum brake linings, discs, and drums for power-driven vehicles and trailers.
- FMVSS No. 121, administered by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, addresses air brake systems.
- FMVSS No. 135, administered by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, addresses light vehicle brake systems.
- Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of brake this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Real-world use
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Controlling speed and stopping road vehicles, bicycles, and railway vehicles.
- Holding parked vehicles against movement.
- Stopping and holding loads in cranes, hoists, and elevators.
- Decelerating rotating machinery and industrial drives.
- Recovering energy during deceleration in electric and hybrid vehicle drivetrains.
- Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of brake this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Failure modes and hazards
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Overheating can reduce braking effectiveness, damage components, or ignite nearby combustible material.
- Wear, contamination, or glazing of friction surfaces can reduce or destabilize braking force.
- Hydraulic leaks, air in hydraulic circuits, or pneumatic pressure faults can impair actuation; the result depends on system architecture.
- Seized mechanisms or incomplete release can cause brake drag, overheating, and unexpected motion resistance.
- Loss of control power, electrical faults, or unavailable energy storage can reduce electrical braking; many electrical braking arrangements cannot independently hold a stationary load.
- Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of brake this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Regional variation
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Road vehicle approval follows different regulatory systems, including UN regulations in adopting jurisdictions and FMVSS requirements in the United States.
- Railway, elevator, and industrial machinery brake requirements differ by jurisdiction and application.
- Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of brake this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Braking system - The system includes controls, actuators, energy supplies, transmission paths, and brake devices; a brake is the element or assembly producing motion-resisting force or torque.
- Clutch - A clutch primarily couples members to transmit motion and torque; a brake primarily retards or holds motion.
- Damper - A damper primarily reduces oscillation or transient motion; a brake primarily provides controlled deceleration, stopping, or holding.
- Retarder - In vehicle terminology, a retarder provides sustained auxiliary deceleration and generally does not replace the service or parking brake.
- Brake pad - A brake pad is a friction component within certain brakes, rather than the complete braking device.
- Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of brake this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
What the second pass must settle
- Does an existing Vercy world model already cover brake, requiring this registry entry to link to that model?
- Should motor-based regenerative braking and engine braking be represented as brake assemblies here or as braking capabilities of neighbouring drive models?
- Which application-specific standards, issuing bodies and conformity evidence should be referenced for vehicle, rail, lifting and industrial brakes?
- Which sourced capacity, dimension and duty ranges are meaningful for each brake family without suggesting a universal typical brake?
- Where should the registry draw the boundary between holding brakes, positive locking mechanisms and combined clutch-brake assemblies?