stress
Let an agent explain linguistic stress by type, language, notation and learning, and separate psychological and mechanical stress senses, routing distress to support.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain linguistic stress by type, language, notation and learning, and separate psychological and mechanical stress senses, routing distress to support.
In linguistics, the relative emphasis given to a syllable in a word or to a word in a phrase, realised through loudness, length, pitch or vowel quality; languages differ in having fixed, free or no lexical stress, and some use pitch accent instead.
What it is for: Pronunciation, phonology and language learning.
It can be identify stressed syllables; explain stress patterns in a language; read stress marks in dictionaries; separate psychological and mechanical stress.
Distinguishing features
Prominence on a syllable
Fixed or free by language
Can change meaning
Primary and secondary levels
What it looks like
Not visible in most writing; marked in dictionaries with symbols or accents.
How it is recognised
IPA stress marks before syllables
Accent marks in some orthographies
Pitch accent languages use pitch contrasts
Related models
is a kind of - category
is studied in - field
is marked in - notation
is confused with - another sense
In practice
Families and kinds
lexical stress
primary and secondary stress
phrase and sentence stress
fixed and free stress systems
pitch accent (related)
Standards and regulation
IPA conventions for stress marking
Orthographic rules for written accents
Failure modes and hazards
Misplaced stress changing meaning
Assuming English stress rules apply elsewhere
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.stress-state
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Pattern Where stress falls.
Patterns vary by language.
Word
Word stress.
Word
Word stress.
- Which syllable is stressed in this word? definition
- Does stress change its meaning or word class? boundary
System
Language system.
System
Stress system.
- Does this language have fixed, free or no lexical stress? provenance
- Which grammar describes it? provenance
Notation Marking.
Notation shows stress.
IPA
Stress marks.
IPA
IPA marks.
- How is stress marked in IPA transcription? definition
- How is secondary stress shown? definition
Orthography
Written accents.
Orthography
Written accents.
- When does the spelling mark stress with an accent in this language? provenance
- Which rule applies? provenance
Learning Pronunciation.
Learners need practice.
Practice
Exercises.
Practice
Practice.
- Which exercises help learners place stress correctly? action
- Which dictionaries give audio? provenance
Rhythm
Sentence stress.
Rhythm
Sentence rhythm.
- How does sentence stress affect rhythm and emphasis? definition
- How can emphasis change meaning? definition
Senses Disambiguation.
Stress has other senses.
Psychological
Mental stress.
Psychological
Psychological sense.
- Is psychological stress meant, and is the person in distress or crisis? boundary
- Should the agent point to support services or a crisis line? action
Mechanical
Materials.
Mechanical
Mechanical sense.
- Is mechanical stress in materials meant? boundary
- Which entry fits? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should stress types be separate entries?
- How should language-specific rules be linked?
- How should other senses be split off?