digraph
Let an agent explain digraphs and how they work, relay examples across scripts and their treatment in orthography and collation from linguistic sources, describe the specific forms the registry aliases name, and distinguish digraphs from ligatures, diphthongs, double letters that represent two sounds and trigraphs.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain digraphs and how they work, relay examples across scripts and their treatment in orthography and collation from linguistic sources, describe the specific forms the registry aliases name, and distinguish digraphs from ligatures, diphthongs, double letters that represent two sounds and trigraphs.
A pair of letters used together to represent a single sound or phoneme, as in English sh, th and ch, Latin-script digraphs in many languages, Cyrillic digraphs, the Armenian ou digraph, Arabic-script digraph forms and double letters such as ll and ss; digraphs are a kind of multigraph and are treated in some alphabets as single letters for collation.
What it is for: Representing sounds with two letters.
It can be explain the concept; relay examples across scripts; describe orthographic treatment; distinguish related concepts.
Distinguishing features
Two letters one sound
Script-specific
Collation treatment
Historical origins
What it looks like
Two letters written together.
Physical character
English consonant digraphs: sh, th, ch, ph, wh, ng list
Spanish ch and ll: letters until 2010 note - RAE
Armenian ou: digraph for u note
How it is recognised
Two letters for one sound
sh, th, ch, ll; Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian and Arabic-script digraphs
Ligatures join glyphs; diphthongs are vowel sounds; trigraphs use three letters
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms, of letters
is contrasted with - which joins glyphs
is exemplified by - in English
In practice
Families and kinds
Latin-script digraphs in English, Spanish, Welsh and others
Cyrillic digraphs
Armenian and Georgian digraphs
Arabic-script digraph forms
double letters as digraphs
digraphs in romanisation systems
Standards and regulation
Orthographic rules of language academies
Unicode handling of digraphs and collation standards
Failure modes and hazards
Confusing digraphs with diphthongs or ligatures
Inconsistent collation across languages
Registry aliases including specific glyphs
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What a digraph is.
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is a digraph, and how does it differ from a ligature, a diphthong, a double letter for two sounds and a trigraph? definition
- Is the question about the concept, a script, a language or collation? boundary
Examples
Examples.
Examples
Examples.
- What are common Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian and Arabic-script digraphs and double letters? definition
- Which entry fits the specific script? action
Orthography Orthography.
Sources.
Rules
Rules.
Rules
Rules.
- How do orthographies define digraphs, and how do academies treat them as letters? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Collation
Collation and computing.
Collation
Collation.
- How are digraphs sorted and encoded, and what problems arise in computing? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
History History.
Sources.
Origins
Origins.
Origins
Origins.
- How did digraphs arise to represent sounds lacking letters, from Latin borrowings to Slavic scripts? provenance
- Which entry fits the history of the alphabet? action
Reforms
Reforms.
Reforms
Reforms.
- How have spelling reforms added or removed digraphs? provenance
- Which entry fits spelling reform? action
Context Teaching and romanisation.
Context.
Teaching
Teaching.
Teaching
Teaching.
- How are digraphs taught in literacy and phonics? provenance
- Which entry fits phonics? action
Romanisation
Romanisation.
Romanisation
Romanisation.
- How do romanisation systems use digraphs for non-Latin sounds? provenance
- Which entry fits romanization? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should Latin-script digraph and Cyrillic digraph be separate primary entries?
- How should linguistic sources be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific glyphs; should they be split off?