cell signaling
Let an agent explain cell signalling and signal transduction, relay receptor types and major pathways from cell biology references, describe roles in disease and drug action, and distinguish cell signalling from neural signalling and from intercellular communication in general.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain cell signalling and signal transduction, relay receptor types and major pathways from cell biology references, describe roles in disease and drug action, and distinguish cell signalling from neural signalling and from intercellular communication in general.
The process by which cells receive, process and respond to signals from their environment and from other cells, through receptors that bind ligands such as hormones, growth factors and neurotransmitters and trigger signal transduction cascades inside the cell, including G protein-coupled receptor pathways, cell surface receptor pathways, the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response, granzyme-mediated cell death signalling and opioid growth factor receptor signalling; cell signalling coordinates development, immunity, metabolism and behaviour, and its errors underlie cancer and many diseases.
What it is for: Not applicable; a biological process.
It can be explain receptors and pathways; relay major pathways; describe disease and drug relevance; distinguish related concepts.
Distinguishing features
Receptor-ligand binding
Cascade amplification
Second messengers
Feedback control
What it looks like
Not a visible object; molecular cascades in cells.
Physical character
human GPCRs: about 800 count
drugs targeting GPCRs: about 35 percent - of approved drugs
How it is recognised
Reception and transduction of signals by cells
GPCR, receptor tyrosine kinase, unfolded protein response, granzyme death signalling, opioid growth factor receptor pathways
Neural signalling is one kind; endocrine communication is the tissue-level view
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms
uses - to bind ligands
is targeted by - in pharmacology
In practice
Families and kinds
cell surface receptor signalling including GPCR and receptor tyrosine kinase pathways
intracellular receptor signalling such as steroid hormone receptors
stress pathways such as the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
death signalling such as granzyme-mediated pathways
specialised pathways such as opioid growth factor receptor signalling
autocrine, paracrine, endocrine and juxtacrine modes
Identifiers
GO GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO GO:0023052 signaling
Standards and regulation
No regulation; Gene Ontology and Reactome pathway definitions
Failure modes and hazards
Oversimplifying pathways as linear
Confusing cell signalling with neural transmission
Agents giving personal medical advice
Also called
+9
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What cell signalling is.
Science.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is cell signalling, and how do reception, transduction and response work? definition
- Is the question about cell signalling in general, a specific pathway or neural signalling? boundary
Pathways
Major pathways.
Pathways
Pathways.
- How do GPCR, receptor tyrosine kinase, unfolded protein response and granzyme death pathways work? definition
- Which entry fits the specific pathway? action
Mechanism Mechanisms.
Science.
Messengers
Second messengers.
Messengers
Messengers.
- How do second messengers such as cAMP, calcium and IP3 amplify signals? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Regulation
Regulation.
Regulation
Regulation.
- How are pathways regulated by feedback, desensitisation and crosstalk? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Medicine Disease and drugs.
Clinical.
Disease
Disease.
Disease
Disease.
- How do signalling errors cause cancer, diabetes and other diseases, in general terms? provenance
- Is the user asking about their own condition, which needs a clinician? boundary
Drugs
Drug targets.
Drugs
Drugs.
- How do drugs target receptors and kinases in signalling pathways? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific drug class? action
Context Research and history.
Context.
Research
Research tools.
Research
Research.
- How are pathways mapped with databases such as Reactome and KEGG? provenance
- Which entry fits Reactome? action
History
History.
History
History.
- How were second messengers, GPCRs and kinases discovered? provenance
- Which entry fits the history of cell biology? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should signal transduction and GPCR signalling be separate primary entries?
- How should pathway databases be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific pathways; should they be split off?