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battery

vr.tr.battery · thing-q267298

Let an agent identify a battery by chemistry, size and use, relay specifications, safety, charging, transport and recycling rules from manufacturers and regulators, and separate batteries from cells, chargers and fuel cells.

Thing Registry Physical world and living systems PHY.OBJ
Bundle → Layer → Finding → QuestionsClassifiersWhat it isWhy it existsDistinguishing featuresWhat robots and AI may and may not doMoral aspectsOwnersLinks to other meta-modelsIdentity and identifiersDirect propertiesRecognitionCapabilities and actionsHazards and failure modesStandards and interfacesContext of useSources

Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled

4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions

Identify Which battery this is.

Chemistry

Chemistry and type.

Chemistry

Chemistry.

  1. What chemistry, voltage and format is the battery, and is it primary or rechargeable? definition
  2. Is the question about a battery, a single cell, a charger or a fuel cell? boundary

Specification

Ratings.

Specification

Specification.

  1. What are the capacity, current rating and cycle life, and how are they measured? measurement
  2. Where does the manufacturer publish the datasheet? provenance
Use Charging and life.

Charging

Charging.

Charging

Charging.

  1. How should this type be charged, and what does the manufacturer advise? provenance
  2. Which entry fits chargers and management systems? action

Ageing

State of health.

Ageing

Ageing.

  1. How does capacity decline with cycles, temperature and storage? measurement
  2. How is state of health assessed? measurement
Safety Hazards and transport.

Hazards

Fire and leakage.

Hazards

Hazards.

  1. What causes thermal runaway, leakage and swelling, and what precautions do authorities advise? provenance
  2. Is the user reporting a fire or an ingestion, which is an emergency to route? boundary

Transport

Shipping rules.

Transport

Transport.

  1. Which dangerous goods rules apply to shipping and carrying batteries by air, sea and road? provenance
  2. Which entry fits dangerous goods? action
End of life Recycling and regulation.

Recycling

Collection and recycling.

Recycling

Recycling.

  1. How must batteries be collected and recycled under local rules? provenance
  2. Which entry fits electronic waste? action

Policy

Regulation and supply.

Policy

Policy.

  1. What regulations govern battery labelling, materials and due diligence? provenance
  2. Which references are standard for battery technology? provenance

Classifiers Filled

Family
Thing Registry
Category
Physical world and living systems
Entry kind
thing
Plane
PHY
Domain
PHY.OBJ
Other names and narrower kinds
power tool battery, charging case, vacuum tube battery, electric bicycle battery, automotive battery, grid battery, heater battery, Anode battery, ZAXIA, primary cell, lithium-metal battery, dry cell

What it is Filled

A device that stores chemical energy and delivers it as electric current through one or more electrochemical cells, either single-use primary cells or rechargeable secondary cells such as lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion, in sizes from button cells to vehicle packs and grid storage.

Why it exists Filled

Let an agent identify a battery by chemistry, size and use, relay specifications, safety, charging, transport and recycling rules from manufacturers and regulators, and separate batteries from cells, chargers and fuel cells.

Distinguishing features Filled

  • Electrochemical storage, unlike a capacitor
  • Primary versus rechargeable
  • Chemistry sets voltage, energy density and hazards
  • Ageing and state of health change capacity over time

What robots and AI may and may not do Filled

Must not

  • Charge, store or use damaged, swollen or overheating batteries.
  • Bypass battery protection circuits or use incompatible chargers.
  • Advise disposal of batteries in ordinary waste.
  • Recommend shipping lithium batteries outside dangerous goods rules.

Only with a human decision

  • Handling a battery fire or a damaged traction battery.
  • Disposing of large batteries.

May

  • Explain battery types, capacities and safe use.
  • Monitor charge and health of batteries in systems the agent manages.

Moral aspects Filled

  • Lithium battery fires are hard to extinguish and kill people in homes and vehicles.
  • Battery minerals and waste carry environmental and labour costs.

Who is affected

  • Users
  • Firefighters
  • Waste and recycling workers

Owners Filled

Steward

The person or operator who owns it; producers carry take-back obligations in many jurisdictions.

Links to other meta-models Filled

parent

  • Q1753139 - registry parent class
  • Q2288996 - registry parent class

related

  • electric power source - the category
  • battery charger - for rechargeable types
  • fuel cell - converts fuel continuously rather than storing charge

contains

  • electrochemical cell - the unit inside it

What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled

Identity and identifiers required Filled

  • Vercy registry: vr.tr.battery
  • Wikidata: Q267298 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298)
  • IEC 60086 size code: for example LR6 or CR2032 primary cell sizes
  • UN number: UN3480, UN3481, UN3090 lithium battery transport classes
  • chemistry and nominal voltage: markings on the label

Direct properties required Filled

  • cell voltage: 1.2-3.7 V - by chemistry
  • capacity: milliampere-hours to megawatt-hours Ah or Wh - from button cells to grid storage
  • cycle life: hundreds to thousands cycles - rechargeable chemistries; depends on use

Recognition required Filled

  • Markings give chemistry, nominal voltage, capacity and size code
  • Rechargeable packs carry charge and safety markings and often a management circuit
  • A fuel cell or a capacitor is a different device
  • A sealed cylinder, prism, pouch or box with two terminals, marked with chemistry, voltage and capacity.

Capabilities and actions required Filled

  • identify chemistry, format and capacity
  • explain how it works and how it ages
  • relay safety, charging and transport rules
  • relay disposal and recycling requirements

Hazards and failure modes required Filled

  • Thermal runaway and fire in lithium batteries
  • Leakage and corrosion in old cells
  • Swallowing of button cells by children
  • Capacity loss with age and misuse
  • Improper disposal causing fires in waste streams

Standards and interfaces required Filled

  • IEC 60086 and IEC 62133 standards for cells and batteries
  • UN Manual of Tests and Criteria section 38.3 and dangerous goods rules for transport
  • EU Battery Regulation and national collection and recycling rules
  • Product safety marking requirements

Context of use required Filled

  • Storing and delivering electrical energy.
  • primary cells such as alkaline and lithium
  • lead-acid batteries for vehicles and backup
  • nickel-based rechargeables
  • lithium-ion and lithium polymer packs
  • flow and grid-scale batteries
  • button and coin cells

Sources Filled

  1. Wikidata item Q267298: battery - identity and sense of the item
  2. Wikipedia: Electric battery - general description of the item

Open questions

  • Should each chemistry be a separate entry?
  • How should transport rules be linked?
  • The registry entry has merged aliases for chargers and vehicle batteries; should they be split off?

Machine files

Card as JSON Specification Card backlog vercy.card/1

Provenance

thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed

Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q267298/spec.json