lie
Let an agent explain lying as a concept and its forms, relay philosophical, psychological and legal perspectives from academic sources with attribution, describe detection and fact-checking in general terms, and distinguish lies from errors, fiction, bullshit in the philosophical sense and misinformation, without helping anyone deceive.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Understand What a lie is.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is a lie, and how does it differ from error, fiction, bullshit and misinformation? definition
- Is the question about understanding lying, or about constructing a deception, which the model does not assist? boundary
Forms
Forms.
Forms
Forms.
- What are white lies, pathological lying, doublespeak, cover-ups, malicious falsehood and playful deceptions? definition
- Which entry fits the specific form? action
Study Perspectives.
Ethics
Ethics.
Ethics
Ethics.
- How have Augustine, Kant, Bok and others debated the ethics of lying, with positions attributed? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Psychology
Psychology.
Psychology
Psychology.
- What does psychology show about why people lie, how often, and how children develop deception? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Detect Detection and law.
Detection
Detection.
Detection
Detection.
- What does research say about lie detection and polygraphs, with findings attributed? provenance
- Which entry fits polygraph? action
Law
Law.
Law
Law.
- How do laws treat fraud, perjury, defamation and malicious falsehood, in general terms? provenance
- Is the user asking about their own case, which needs a lawyer? boundary
Context Public life and culture.
Public
Public life.
Public
Public.
- How do fact-checkers assess political claims, and what are labels such as the lie of the year, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral? boundary
Culture
Culture.
Culture
Culture.
- How do lies figure in literature, folklore and customs such as April Fools Day? provenance
- Which entry fits April Fools Day? action
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Information and virtual systems
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- INF
- Domain
- INF.MED
- Other names and narrower kinds
- Politifact's lie of the year, April Fools' Day joke, pathological lying, doublespeak, cover-up, malicious falsehood, big lie, half-truth, white lie, noble lie, calumny, stated income loan
What it is Filled
A statement made with the intention to deceive, asserting something the speaker believes to be false, distinguished from honest error and studied in philosophy, psychology, linguistics and law, with forms and related phenomena including pathological lying, doublespeak that obscures meaning, cover-ups that conceal wrongdoing, malicious falsehood as a legal wrong, playful deceptions such as April Fools jokes, and public labels such as a fact-checking organisation s lie of the year; the ethics of lying has been debated since antiquity.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent explain lying as a concept and its forms, relay philosophical, psychological and legal perspectives from academic sources with attribution, describe detection and fact-checking in general terms, and distinguish lies from errors, fiction, bullshit in the philosophical sense and misinformation, without helping anyone deceive.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Intent to deceive
- Belief in falsity
- Ethical debate
- Legal consequences in some forms
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Help a person construct a deception to defraud or harm someone.
- Call a named person a liar without evidence of intent.
- Label disagreement or honest error as lying.
- State falsehoods itself while presenting them as true.
Only with a human decision
- Accusing a named person of lying in a published or legal context.
May
- Explain what a lie is and how it differs from error, fiction and bluff, with sources.
- Point out where a claim is false while leaving open whether the speaker meant to deceive.
Moral aspects Filled
- Lies damage trust, and false accusations of lying damage reputations.
- Some lies, such as to protect someone from harm, raise genuine moral dilemmas.
Who is affected
- People deceived
- People falsely accused
- The public
Owners Filled
Steward
Nobody owns the concept; each speaker answers for their own statements.
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q108163 - registry parent class
- Q17949 - registry parent class
related
- false statement - in registry terms
- proposition - in registry terms
- error - an honest mistake
- ethics - and psychology
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.lie
- Wikidata: Q4925193 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4925193)
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
Not applicable
Plane INF: no invented physical properties.
Recognition optional Filled
- Statement intended to deceive
- White lies, pathological lying, doublespeak, cover-ups, malicious falsehood, April Fools jokes, lie of the year
- An error is honest; fiction is not asserted; misinformation may be spread without intent
- Not a visible object; a deceptive statement.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- explain the concept and forms
- relay perspectives
- describe fact-checking
- distinguish related concepts
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Agents helping construct deceptions
- Labelling disagreement as lying
- Confusing lies with errors or fiction
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- Laws on fraud, perjury, defamation and malicious falsehood
- Advertising standards
- Fact-checking codes of principles
Context of use required Filled
- Not applicable; a concept.
- white and social lies
- pathological and compulsive lying
- political lying, doublespeak and cover-ups
- legal wrongs such as malicious falsehood, fraud and perjury
- playful and consensual deceptions such as April Fools jokes
- lies identified by fact-checkers such as the lie of the year
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q4925193: lie - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Lie - general description of the item
Open questions
- Should pathological lying and doublespeak be separate primary entries?
- How should academic sources be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming a media award and a holiday custom; should they be split off?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q4925193/spec.json