lie
Let an agent explain lying as a concept and its forms, relay philosophical, psychological and legal perspectives from academic sources with attribution, describe detection and fact-checking in general terms, and distinguish lies from errors, fiction, bullshit in the philosophical sense and misinformation, without helping anyone deceive.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain lying as a concept and its forms, relay philosophical, psychological and legal perspectives from academic sources with attribution, describe detection and fact-checking in general terms, and distinguish lies from errors, fiction, bullshit in the philosophical sense and misinformation, without helping anyone deceive.
A statement made with the intention to deceive, asserting something the speaker believes to be false, distinguished from honest error and studied in philosophy, psychology, linguistics and law, with forms and related phenomena including pathological lying, doublespeak that obscures meaning, cover-ups that conceal wrongdoing, malicious falsehood as a legal wrong, playful deceptions such as April Fools jokes, and public labels such as a fact-checking organisation s lie of the year; the ethics of lying has been debated since antiquity.
What it is for: Not applicable; a concept.
It can be explain the concept and forms; relay perspectives; describe fact-checking; distinguish related concepts.
Distinguishing features
Intent to deceive
Belief in falsity
Ethical debate
Legal consequences in some forms
What it looks like
Not a visible object; a deceptive statement.
How it is recognised
Statement intended to deceive
White lies, pathological lying, doublespeak, cover-ups, malicious falsehood, April Fools jokes, lie of the year
An error is honest; fiction is not asserted; misinformation may be spread without intent
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms
is contrasted with - an honest mistake
is studied in - and psychology
In practice
Families and kinds
white and social lies
pathological and compulsive lying
political lying, doublespeak and cover-ups
legal wrongs such as malicious falsehood, fraud and perjury
playful and consensual deceptions such as April Fools jokes
lies identified by fact-checkers such as the lie of the year
Standards and regulation
Laws on fraud, perjury, defamation and malicious falsehood
Advertising standards
Fact-checking codes of principles
Failure modes and hazards
Agents helping construct deceptions
Labelling disagreement as lying
Confusing lies with errors or fiction
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What a lie is.
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is a lie, and how does it differ from error, fiction, bullshit and misinformation? definition
- Is the question about understanding lying, or about constructing a deception, which the model does not assist? boundary
Forms
Forms.
Forms
Forms.
- What are white lies, pathological lying, doublespeak, cover-ups, malicious falsehood and playful deceptions? definition
- Which entry fits the specific form? action
Study Perspectives.
Attribution.
Ethics
Ethics.
Ethics
Ethics.
- How have Augustine, Kant, Bok and others debated the ethics of lying, with positions attributed? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Psychology
Psychology.
Psychology
Psychology.
- What does psychology show about why people lie, how often, and how children develop deception? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Detect Detection and law.
Regulation.
Detection
Detection.
Detection
Detection.
- What does research say about lie detection and polygraphs, with findings attributed? provenance
- Which entry fits polygraph? action
Law
Law.
Law
Law.
- How do laws treat fraud, perjury, defamation and malicious falsehood, in general terms? provenance
- Is the user asking about their own case, which needs a lawyer? boundary
Context Public life and culture.
Context.
Public
Public life.
Public
Public.
- How do fact-checkers assess political claims, and what are labels such as the lie of the year, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral? boundary
Culture
Culture.
Culture
Culture.
- How do lies figure in literature, folklore and customs such as April Fools Day? provenance
- Which entry fits April Fools Day? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should pathological lying and doublespeak be separate primary entries?
- How should academic sources be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming a media award and a holiday custom; should they be split off?