night blindness
Let an agent explain night blindness and its causes, relay assessment, prevention and general treatment from ophthalmology and WHO sources, describe acquired, nutritional and hereditary forms, and distinguish night blindness from glare sensitivity, general low vision and colour blindness, routing people to eye care.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain night blindness and its causes, relay assessment, prevention and general treatment from ophthalmology and WHO sources, describe acquired, nutritional and hereditary forms, and distinguish night blindness from glare sensitivity, general low vision and colour blindness, routing people to eye care.
Impaired vision in dim light or darkness, also called nyctalopia, a symptom of rod photoreceptor dysfunction rather than a disease in itself, either acquired, most commonly from vitamin A deficiency, a leading preventable cause of childhood blindness worldwide, or from cataract and some medicines, or hereditary, as in congenital stationary night blindness and retinitis pigmentosa, with an abnormal dark-adaptation threshold of the rods measurable by testing. The model routes people with vision changes to eye care professionals.
What it is for: Not applicable; a symptom.
It can be explain the symptom and causes; relay prevention and assessment; route to eye care; distinguish related conditions.
Distinguishing features
Rod dysfunction
Nutritional or genetic
Preventable form
Symptom not disease
What it looks like
Not a visible object; difficulty seeing at night.
Physical character
children affected by vitamin A deficiency: about 190 million - WHO estimates, preschool
photoreceptor involved: rods note
test: dark adaptometry and electroretinography list
How it is recognised
Poor vision in dim light
Acquired night blindness, vitamin A deficiency, hereditary night blindness, abnormal rod threshold
Glare sensitivity is discomfort from light; low vision is general; colour blindness affects cones
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms
is often caused by -
is contrasted with - which affects cones
In practice
Families and kinds
nutritional night blindness from vitamin A deficiency
congenital stationary night blindness
night blindness in retinitis pigmentosa
acquired forms from cataract, surgery or medication
xerophthalmia spectrum
Identifiers
ICD-10 H53.6 night blindness
MeSH D009755 Night Blindness
Standards and regulation
WHO vitamin A supplementation guidelines
Driving vision standards
Failure modes and hazards
Agents giving personal medical or supplement advice
Vitamin A toxicity from self-supplementation
Driving risks at night
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What night blindness is.
Clinical.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is night blindness, and how does it differ from glare sensitivity, low vision and colour blindness? definition
- Is the user describing new vision problems, which need an eye care professional? boundary
Forms
Forms.
Forms
Forms.
- What are acquired, nutritional and hereditary night blindness, and what is an abnormal rod threshold? definition
- Which entry fits the specific form? action
Causes Causes and prevention.
Regulation.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A deficiency.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A.
- How does vitamin A deficiency cause night blindness, and what do WHO programmes do? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Genetic
Hereditary causes.
Genetic
Genetic.
- What hereditary conditions cause night blindness? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Care Assessment and management.
Clinical.
Assessment
Assessment.
Assessment
Assessment.
- How is night blindness assessed with dark adaptation and electroretinography, in general terms? provenance
- Which entry fits electroretinography? action
Management
Management.
Management
Management.
- What general treatments exist, and why should supplementation be medically guided? provenance
- Which entry fits xerophthalmia? action
Context Daily life and history.
Context.
Driving
Driving and safety.
Driving
Driving.
- What safety advice exists for night driving with impaired night vision? provenance
- Which entry fits driving vision standards? action
History
History.
History
History.
- How was the link between diet and night blindness discovered? provenance
- Which entry fits the history of nutrition? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should congenital stationary night blindness be a separate primary entry?
- How should ophthalmology and WHO sources be linked?
- The registry alias abnormal threshold of rods names a test finding; should it be split off?