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Research draft

judge

vr.tr.judge · SOC.PER

Let an agent handle judges as holders of judicial office with court, jurisdiction, appointment and independence, and avoid misrepresenting their decisions.

Thing Registry Society, people and institutions

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent handle judges as holders of judicial office with court, jurisdiction, appointment and independence, and avoid misrepresenting their decisions.

A public official who presides over court proceedings and decides cases according to law, alone or as part of a panel, with judicial independence.

What it is for: Deciding disputes and cases impartially under law.

It can be hear and decide cases; be appointed, disciplined or removed, under strict rules; be cited, through published judgments; be recused, when conflicted.

Distinguishing features

Holds judicial office with independence

Belongs to a court and jurisdiction

Appointed or elected by system-specific rules

Bound by rules on impartiality and recusal

What it looks like

Robes and courtroom settings in many systems; the office is defined by law, not dress.

How it is recognised

Name on published judgments

Court and title such as President of the court

Judicial directories

Related models

is a kind of - legal professional

jurist

serves in - institution

court

applies - rules

law and statute

is confused with - different roles in some systems

magistrate or bailiff

In practice

Families and kinds

trial and appellate judges

constitutional and supreme court judges

specialised judges such as patent judges

lay and part-time judges

court presidents

Identifiers

judicial directory entry jurisdiction-specific official lists

Standards and regulation

Constitutional guarantees of judicial independence

Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct

Rules on recusal

Failure modes and hazards

Misreporting judgments

Attacks on judicial independence

Harassment of judges

Also called

LGBTQ+ judgecourt presidentPresident of the High Court of Cassation and Justiceouvidor-morpatenträttsrådSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of IllinoisSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of South DakotaSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of IllinoisSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of UtahSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of New YorkSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of MassachusettsSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of OregonSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of FloridaSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of TexasSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of ArkansasSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of MarylandSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of OklahomaSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of MinnesotaMajor Penitentiarypresiding judgeJudge of Helwan Courtlay judgeArchbishop of EsztergomPresident of the Supreme Court of Finlandexamining magistrateRapporteur Judgejudge-rapporteurAlcalde de los hijosdalgo de Castillaadministrative law judgeoidorouvidorfederal judgeJudge of the Mixed Courts of Egyptdeputy circuit judgedistrict judgedeputy district judgejuiz de direitoelectoral judgejuiz ordináriojuiz do comércio

+202

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Source repository Registry entry point

Also registered as vr.tr.judge

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Office Court and role.

The office defines a judge.

Court

Which court.

Court

Court and jurisdiction.

  1. In which court and jurisdiction does this judge sit? provenance
  2. In what role? definition

Appointment

How appointed.

Appointment

Appointment details.

  1. How and when was the judge appointed? provenance
  2. What is their term? measurement
Decisions Judgments.

Judgments must be cited accurately.

Judgments

Published decisions.

Judgments

Decisions authored.

  1. Which judgments did this judge author? provenance
  2. Were they appealed? provenance

Summary

Accurate reporting.

Summary

How to summarise.

  1. Does the summary reflect the judgment accurately? boundary
  2. Is the decision final? boundary
Independence Impartiality.

Independence underpins the rule of law.

Conduct

Ethics.

Conduct

Conduct rules.

  1. Which conduct rules apply? provenance
  2. Has the judge recused in conflicts? provenance

Protection

Security.

Protection

Protection of judges.

  1. What information should not be shared to protect the judge? boundary
  2. How are threats handled? action
Accountability Discipline and appeal.

Accountability works through appeal and discipline.

Appeal

Review of decisions.

Appeal

Appeal routes.

  1. How can a decision be appealed? action
  2. Within what time? boundary

Discipline

Complaints.

Discipline

Complaint routes.

  1. How are complaints about judicial conduct made? action
  2. Which body handles them? provenance

What the second pass must settle

  • Should judges be linked to courts and judgments?
  • How should agents summarise judgments accurately?
  • What personal data about judges should not be shared?
Draft as JSON