freedom of speech
Let an agent handle freedom of speech by legal source, scope, limits and country situation, neutrally and with sourced reports.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent handle freedom of speech by legal source, scope, limits and country situation, neutrally and with sourced reports.
The right to seek, receive and express opinions and ideas without government censorship or retaliation, subject to limited restrictions set by law, such as for defamation, incitement or national security.
What it is for: A fundamental right underpinning democracy, science and culture.
It can be explain legal protection and limits; report violations to rights bodies; understand platform and legal rules; compare country situations with sourced reports.
Distinguishing features
Protects expression
Limits must be lawful and proportionate
Varies across legal systems
Linked to press freedom and access to information
What it looks like
Not an object; a legal and social right.
How it is recognised
Constitutional and treaty provisions
Country reports on press and speech freedom
Platform content rules are private, not law
Related models
is a kind of - category
is protected by - treaty
is related to - right
is limited by - limits
In practice
Families and kinds
political speech
press freedom
artistic expression
academic freedom
online expression
Standards and regulation
Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 19
ICCPR Article 19
European Convention on Human Rights Article 10
National constitutions such as the US First Amendment
Failure modes and hazards
Partisan country comparisons
Confusing platform moderation with state censorship
Unsourced claims
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Law Legal source.
Law defines the right.
Source
Treaty and constitution.
Source
Legal source.
- Which provision protects speech here? provenance
- How have courts interpreted it? provenance
Limits
Restrictions.
Limits
Restrictions.
- Which restrictions are lawful here? boundary
- Are they necessary and proportionate? boundary
Situation Country conditions.
Situations vary.
Reports
Indices.
Reports
Country reports.
- What do independent indices and reports say? provenance
- How are they built? provenance
Balance
Neutral account.
Balance
Balanced account.
- Is the account neutral and attributed? boundary
- Are government responses noted? provenance
Online Platforms.
Online rules differ.
Platforms
Moderation.
Platforms
Platform rules.
- Is the restriction by a platform or by the state? boundary
- How can a decision be appealed? action
Regulation
Online law.
Regulation
Online regulation.
- Which online laws apply, such as the Digital Services Act? provenance
- What rights do users have? boundary
Remedies Violations.
Violations need remedies.
Complaints
Courts and bodies.
Complaints
Complaints.
- Where can violations be challenged? action
- Which courts or bodies? provenance
Support
Organisations.
Support
Support.
- Which organisations support journalists and speakers at risk? action
- Is urgent protection needed? boundary
What the second pass must settle
- Should country situations be separate entries?
- How should indices be sourced?
- How should platform rules be linked?