science
Let an agent handle science by field, method, evidence strength and consensus, and separate it from pseudoscience.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent handle science by field, method, evidence strength and consensus, and separate it from pseudoscience.
The systematic enterprise that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the world, and the body of knowledge it produces, across natural, social and formal sciences.
What it is for: Understanding the world reliably and informing decisions.
It can be form and test hypotheses; publish and review results; assess evidence strength; communicate findings accurately.
Distinguishing features
Testable, revisable claims
Methods open to scrutiny
Consensus built on evidence
Pseudoscience lacks testability or openness
What it looks like
Research, experiments, observation, models and publications.
How it is recognised
Peer-reviewed publications
Methods sections and data
Fields such as physics or sociology
Related models
is a kind of - category
includes - fields
uses - method
is contrasted with - boundary
In practice
Families and kinds
natural sciences
social sciences
formal sciences
applied sciences
open science practices
Standards and regulation
Research integrity codes such as the European Code of Conduct
Research ethics review
Open access and data policies
Failure modes and hazards
Overstating single studies
Misconduct and fabrication
Replication failures
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.science
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Field Which science.
Fields differ in methods.
Discipline
Natural, social, formal.
Discipline
Field.
- Which field of science is meant? definition
- What does it study? definition
Method
How it works.
Method
Method.
- Which methods does it use? definition
- How are claims tested? provenance
Evidence Strength of claims.
Evidence varies in strength.
Strength
Study design.
Strength
Evidence strength.
- How strong is the evidence for this claim? measurement
- Is it a single study or a systematic review? provenance
Consensus
Agreement.
Consensus
Consensus.
- Is there scientific consensus? provenance
- Which body states it? provenance
Integrity Good practice.
Integrity sustains trust.
Practice
Ethics and openness.
Practice
Research integrity.
- Was the research ethically approved and preregistered? provenance
- Are data available? provenance
Corrections
Retractions.
Corrections
Corrections.
- Has the work been corrected or retracted? provenance
- Has it replicated? provenance
Communication Accuracy.
Science is often misreported.
Reporting
Media.
Reporting
Reporting.
- Does the summary match what the study found? boundary
- Are limits stated? boundary
Boundary
Pseudoscience.
Boundary
Pseudoscience.
- Is the claim testable and open to scrutiny? boundary
- How should it be described? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should fields be separate entries?
- How should evidence strength be recorded?
- How should consensus statements be linked?