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Research draft

corruption

vr.tr.corruption · ACT.ACT

Let an agent explain corruption and its forms and causes, describe measurement, law and anti-corruption measures, present debates and cases with attribution, and support civic and research questions without accusing individuals.

Thing Registry Activities and processes

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain corruption and its forms and causes, describe measurement, law and anti-corruption measures, present debates and cases with attribution, and support civic and research questions without accusing individuals.

The abuse of entrusted power for private gain, including bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, cronyism, patronage systems such as the spoils system, favour networks such as wasta, no-show jobs, rent-seeking by officials and businesses, and fraud in public and private institutions; corruption undermines governance, development and trust, is measured by indices and surveys, and is addressed by criminal law, anti-corruption agencies, transparency measures and international conventions.

What it is for: Abuse of entrusted power for private gain.

It can be explain forms and causes; describe measurement and law; present cases with attribution; support civic questions.

Distinguishing features

Entrusted power

Private gain

Many forms

Legal and social sanction

What it looks like

Not physical; practices and transactions.

How it is recognised

Abuse of entrusted power for private gain

Bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, rent-seeking

Legal lobbying and gifts within rules are not corruption; incompetence is not corruption

Related models

is a kind of - category

abuse of power

is a kind of - category

crime

is related to - power and its abuse

politics

is related to - oversight institutions

ombudsman

In practice

Families and kinds

bribery and kickbacks

embezzlement and fraud

nepotism, cronyism and patronage

rent-seeking and state capture

petty and grand corruption

Standards and regulation

Anti-corruption laws and international conventions

Public procurement and transparency rules

Corporate compliance standards

Failure modes and hazards

Accusing individuals without adjudicated findings

Partisan presentation

Treating all informal practices as corruption without context

Also called

cronyismspoils systemWastano-show jobrent-seekingbureaucratic rent-seekingpolice corruptioncardingjudicial corruptionPolice corruption in PeruPolice corruption in Spain since 1975Police corruption in MexicoInstitutional corruptionpost-conflict corruptionRolexgateCorruption in NigerCorruption in MaltaCorruption in the Central African RepublicCorruption in FijiStrategic corruptionCorruption in MozambiqueCorruption in MauritaniaCorruption in São Tomé and Príncipecorruption in Tanzaniacorruption in Tunisiacorruption in RussiaCorruption in the Soviet Unionsmeren en verterensimonysystemic corruptioncorruption in South SudanTelephone lawcorruption in ZimbabweAna-AnaPadrino System

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Source repository Registry entry point

Also registered as vr.tr.corruption-act

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What corruption is.

Governance.

Concept

Concept and forms.

Concept

Concept.

  1. What is corruption, and how do bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, cronyism, patronage and rent-seeking differ? definition
  2. Is the request accusing a specific person without adjudicated findings, which must be avoided? boundary

Causes

Causes and effects.

Causes

Causes.

  1. What causes corruption, and what effects does it have on development and trust, according to research? provenance
  2. Which findings are contested? boundary
Measure Measurement and law.

Practice.

Measure

Measurement.

Measure

Measurement.

  1. How is corruption measured by indices, surveys and audits, and what are the limits of these measures? provenance
  2. Which entry fits a specific index? action

Law

Law and enforcement.

Law

Law.

  1. How do anti-corruption laws, agencies and international conventions address corruption? provenance
  2. Is legal advice needed from a professional? boundary
Address Anti-corruption measures.

Attribution.

Measures

Prevention.

Measures

Prevention.

  1. What transparency, procurement, whistleblowing and institutional measures reduce corruption, according to evidence? provenance
  2. Which entry fits transparency? action

Cases

Cases and debates.

Cases

Cases.

  1. How should documented corruption cases and debates about informal practices such as wasta be presented, with findings and positions attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral and attributed? boundary
Learn History and teaching.

Education.

History

History.

History

History.

  1. How has corruption been understood and fought historically, from spoils systems to modern agencies? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Teach

Teaching.

Teach

Teaching.

  1. How can anti-corruption be taught in civic and professional education? action
  2. Which misconceptions arise? provenance

What the second pass must settle

  • Should each form be a separate entry?
  • How should indices and reports be linked?
  • How should legal cases be attributed?
Draft as JSON