knowledge
Let an agent distinguish knowledge from belief, opinion and information, state the justification behind claims, and represent uncertainty honestly.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent distinguish knowledge from belief, opinion and information, state the justification behind claims, and represent uncertainty honestly.
Awareness or understanding of facts, skills or objects, often characterised in philosophy as justified true belief, and in practice as information that people or systems can use reliably.
What it is for: Guiding action, teaching and decision-making.
It can be acquire and share it; justify and test it; record and organise it; lose or forget it.
Distinguishing features
Requires truth and justification, unlike mere belief
Propositional, procedural and acquaintance knowledge
A priori and a posteriori knowledge
Tacit knowledge is hard to express
What it looks like
Not visible; expressed in statements, skills, texts and systems.
How it is recognised
Claims with sources and justification
Skills shown in performance
Knowledge bases and documentation
Related models
is confused with - without justification
is studied by - philosophy
is recorded in - records
is acquired through - learning
In practice
Families and kinds
propositional knowledge (knowing that)
procedural knowledge (knowing how)
tacit and explicit knowledge
a priori and empirical knowledge
local and traditional knowledge
Standards and regulation
Intellectual property and trade secret law
Protections for traditional knowledge (Nagoya Protocol)
Failure modes and hazards
Presenting belief or guesswork as knowledge
Overconfidence
Loss of undocumented knowledge
Also called
+23
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Claim What is known.
Knowledge claims need content and scope.
Content
The claim.
Content
What is claimed to be known.
- What exactly is claimed to be known? definition
- In what scope does it hold? boundary
Kind
That, how, acquaintance.
Kind
Kind of knowledge.
- Is this knowing that, knowing how, or familiarity? definition
- Can it be written down? boundary
Justification Why it is believed.
Justification separates knowledge from belief.
Evidence
Sources and reasons.
Evidence
Evidence and sources.
- What evidence supports it? provenance
- How strong is it? measurement
Uncertainty
Confidence.
Uncertainty
How certain it is.
- How certain is it, and what could overturn it? boundary
- How should the uncertainty be stated? action
Sharing Transfer and records.
Knowledge must be recorded and shared to last.
Record
Documentation.
Record
Where it is recorded.
- Where is this knowledge recorded? provenance
- Is it up to date? boundary
Access
Who can use it.
Access
Access conditions.
- Who can access it, and under what terms? boundary
- Is any of it confidential or protected? boundary
Ownership Rights and respect.
Some knowledge is owned or culturally protected.
Intellectual property
Patents and secrets.
IP
IP status.
- Is this knowledge protected by patent or trade secret? boundary
- Who owns it? provenance
Traditional knowledge
Community rights.
Traditional knowledge
Community rights.
- Is it traditional knowledge of a community? boundary
- Has consent been given for its use? boundary
What the second pass must settle
- Should kinds of knowledge be separate entries?
- How should agents mark the justification behind claims?
- How should traditional knowledge be respected?